Sterculic Acid and Its Analogues Are Potent Inhibitors of Toxoplasma gondii

Pan Hao, Intisar Q. M. Alaraj, Juma'a R. Al-Dulayymi, Mark Baird, Jing Liu, Qun Liu

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    Abstract

    Toxoplasmosis is a serious disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, one of the most widespread parasites in the world. Lipid metabolism is important in the intracellular stage of T. gondii. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), a key enzyme for the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acid is predicted to exist in T. gondii. Sterculic acid has been shown to specifically inhibit SCD activity. Here, we examined whether sterculic acid and its methyl ester analogues exhibit anti-T. gondii effects in vitro. T. gondii-infected Vero cells were disintegrated at 36 hr because of the propagation and egress of intracellular tachyzoites. All test compounds inhibited tachyzoite propagation and egress, reducing the number of ruptured Vero cells by the parasites. Sterculic acid and the methyl esters also inhibited replication of intracellular tachyzoites in HFF cells. Among the test compounds, sterculic acid showed the most potent activity against T. gondii, with an EC50 value of 36.2 μM, compared with EC50 values of 248-428 μM for the methyl esters. Our study demonstrated that sterculic acid and its analogues are effective in inhibition of T. gondii growth in vitro, suggesting that these compounds or analogues targeting SCD could be effective agents for the treatment of toxoplasmosis.
    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)139-145
    Number of pages6
    JournalKorean Journal of Parasitology
    Volume54
    Issue number2
    Early online date30 Apr 2016
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2016

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