This thesis explores different dimensions of perinatal psychopathology across three individual papers with the aim of furthering our understanding of psychological distress experienced by women around the time of childbirth.
A systematic review in chapter one examined the prevalence of eating disorders in women during the perinatal period. The review synthesised findings from 15 studies in multiple cultural and international settings. Wide-ranging prevalence estimates were found, with studies utilising self-report questionnaires reporting the highest prevalence estimates. Studies utilising more stringent diagnostic criteria in the context of clinical interviews yielded more conservative estimates. Collectively, the results suggested that the perinatal period can be a time of vulnerability for experiencing difficulties associated with disordered eating. Areas for further research are discussed and recommendations are made for routinely screening women for eating disorders as part of a mental health assessment in pregnancy and after birth.
An empirical study in chapter two explored the characteristics of mothers admitted to psychiatric units in Wales within the first postpartum year using data covering an 18 year period. The principal aim was to investigate associations between postpartum psychiatric admissions and socioeconomic deprivation. Using multilevel modelling methodology, results indicated that socioeconomic deprivation, measured at the area-level, was significantly associated with psychiatric admissions after birth. This relationship was found to be significantly stronger for mothers age 40 and over. The implications and limitations of this research are discussed.
The third chapter considers the theoretical, research and clinical implications that arose from the first two papers, in addition to a short reflective summary to conclude.