This thesis used interdisciplinary techniques to address the gaps in the current literature surrounding Frongoch internment camp including a comprehensive archaeological study of the camp; an uncovering of the German history of the camp; an in-depth examination of the impact of internment on identity, focusing on nationalism and gender. The findings of this thesis provide a greater understanding of the layout of Frongoch internment camp based on the archaeological evidence; the first extensive study of German prisoner of war in Wales during the First World War and their impact on the Welsh landscape and society; an understanding of how internment acted as a catalyst for the political and cultural nationalism of Irish internees in 1916; a great perception on the reasons for changes in gender identity in places of internment; and a discussion on the complexities of ethics in contemporary archaeology.