Size-spectra of reef fish assemblages within distinct coral habitats, before and after a mass coral bleaching event

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  • Thea Moule

    Research areas

  • Size-spectra, Reef fish, Trophic guilds, Coral reefs, Distinct habitats, Habitat structural complexity, MScRes

Abstract

Habitat-forming species perform a crucial function in size-structuring associated communities. The variable morphology of different species creates structurally distinct habitats that differ in resource availability. However, climate-driven disturbances have altered the composition of coral species and affected reef fish assemblages. Reef fish select habitat refuge in relation to body-size, yet despite the known variation in resource provisions within distinct coral habitats, how reef fish body-size distributions among these habitats covary with habitat structural complexity remains unknown. Considering the disparity of coral structural morphologies in provisions of refugia availability for reef fish communities, this data analysis study was conducted to assess body size-spectra of carnivore and herbivore reef fish within six distinct coral habitats (i.e., reefs characterised by predominance of specific coral taxa, mixed coral taxa, or low coral cover). Specifically, pre-existing data from Lizard Island (Richardson et al. 2017 & 2018) was used to understand the (a) correlation with structural complexity at five spatial scales of measurement (4-64 cm) and (b) the impact of a mass coral bleaching event. Here, carnivore and herbivore size-spectra differed within the distinct coral habitats. Pre-bleaching disturbance, the size-spectra of both trophic guilds correlated with the largest structural complexity scales (32 and 64 cm scale). After the bleaching event, the size-spectra of both trophic guilds steepened due to a relative reduction in smaller-bodied fishes (or an increase in larger). The steepening in carnivore size-spectra slopes was significant as the composition of carnivore species homogenised among the habitats. This study supports evidence that trophic guild size-spectra can be a responsive ecological indicator of habitat and disturbance effects, and as novel habitat configurations emerge, monitoring changes in guild size-spectra will provide important insight into altered ecosystem functions.

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Original languageEnglish
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Award date24 Jul 2023