This thesis examined the role of confidence in injury and rehabilitation. It is written as a series of four research papers, each of which examines a specific facet of this topic. The four research studies are preceded by a General Introduction, which comprises a comprehensive review of the literature. Previous research has highlighted and acknowledged confidence as an important factor in the recovery process, however, very little was known regarding the precise role of confidence. A review of the literature put forward in Chapter 1 indicated that it was not sufficient to focus exclusively on self-or sport-confidence, rather researchers should investigate more diverse aspects of confidence. The study in Chapter 2 employed qualitative methods to investigate the importance of confidence with respect to different facets of the entire injury experience. Content analysis identified six first-order categories directly related to confidence and four first-order categories indirectly related. In Chapter 3 the results from the qualitative study were employed to develop the Self-Evaluation Inventory, a population specific measure of confidence during the entire injury experience. The Self-Evaluation Inventory was employed in Chapter 4 to examine whether certain facets of confidence early in the rehabilitation period could predict physical recovery from anterior cruciate ligament construction later on. Results indicated that certain facets of confidence might be beneficial in the recovery process. A major strength of this study was the inclusion of both psychological and physical outcome variables. The final study in Chapter 4 examined the efficacy of an imagery intervention to augment the confidence of patients rehabilitating from hip/knee replacement surgery. The results demonstrated that the imagery intervention enhanced certain aspects of patients' confidence and recovery. The thesis concludes with a review of the theoretical and applied implications of all four studies, together with suggestions for future research.