Fersiynau electronig

Dangosydd eitem ddigidol (DOI)

  • Liping Pang
    Christchurch Science Centre
  • Kata Farkas
  • Susan Lin
    Christchurch Science Centre
  • Joanne Hewitt
    Kenepuru Science Centre, NZ
  • Aruni Premaratne
    Christchurch Science Centre
  • Murray Close
    Christchurch Science Centre
Potable groundwater contamination by human enteric viruses poses serious health risks. Our understanding of virus subsurface transport has largely depended on studying bacteriophages as surrogates. Few studies have compared the transport behaviour of enteric viruses, especially norovirus, with phage surrogates. We conducted laboratory column experiments to investigate norovirus and bacteriophage MS2 (MS2) filtration in alluvial sand, and rotavirus, adenovirus and MS2 filtration in alluvial gravel aquifer media in 2 mM NaCl (pH 6.6-6.9) with pore velocities of 4.6-5.4 m/day. The data were analysed using colloid filtration theory and HYDRUS-1D 2-site attachment-detachment modelling. Norovirus removal was somewhat lower than MS2 removal in alluvial sand. The removal of rotavirus and adenovirus was markedly greater than MS2 removal in alluvial gravel. These findings concurred with the log reduction values, mass recoveries, attachment efficiencies and irreversible deposition rate constants. The modelling results suggested that the MS2 detachment rates were in the same order of magnitude as norovirus, but they were 1 order of magnitude faster than those of rotavirus and adenovirus. The attachment of viruses and MS2 was largely reversible with faster detachment than attachment rates, favouring free virus transport. These findings highlight the risk associated with continual virus transport through subsurface media if viruses are not inactivated and remobilising previously attached viruses could trigger contamination events. Thus, virus attachment reversibility should be considered in virus transport predictions in subsurface media. Further research is needed to compare surrogates with enteric viruses, especially norovirus, regarding their transport behaviours under different experimental conditions. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.]

Allweddeiriau

Iaith wreiddiolSaesneg
Rhif yr erthygl117051
CyfnodolynWater research
Cyfrol196
Dyddiad ar-lein cynnar15 Maw 2021
Dynodwyr Gwrthrych Digidol (DOIs)
StatwsCyhoeddwyd - 15 Mai 2021
Gweld graff cysylltiadau