TY - JOUR

T1 - IOC Consensus Statement

T2 - Dietary Supplements and the High-Performance Athlete

AU - Maughan, Ronald J

AU - Burke, Louise M

AU - Dvorak, Jiri

AU - Larson-Meyer, D Enette

AU - Peeling, Peter

AU - Phillips, Stuart M

AU - Rawson, Eric S

AU - Walsh, Neil P

AU - Garthe, Ina

AU - Geyer, Hans

AU - Meeusen, Romain

AU - van Loon, Luc

AU - Shirreffs, Susan M

AU - Spriet, Lawrence L

AU - Stuart, Mark

AU - Vernec, Alan

AU - Currell, Kevin

AU - Ali, Vidya M

AU - Budgett, Richard G M

AU - Ljungqvist, Arne

AU - Mountjoy, Margo

AU - Pitsiladis, Yannis

AU - Soligard, Torbjørn

AU - Erdener, Uğur

AU - Engebretsen, Lars

PY - 2018/3/1

Y1 - 2018/3/1

N2 - Nutrition usually makes a small but potentially valuable contribution to successful performance in elite athletes, and dietary supplements can make a minor contribution to this nutrition program. Nonetheless, supplement use is widespread at all levels of sport. Products described as supplements target different issues, including the management of micronutrient deficiencies, supply of convenient forms of energy and macronutrients, and provision of direct benefits to performance or indirect benefits such as supporting intense training regimens. The appropriate use of some supplements can offer benefits to the athlete, but others may be harmful to the athlete's health, performance, and/or livelihood and reputation if an anti-doping rule violation results. A complete nutritional assessment should be undertaken before decisions regarding supplement use are made. Supplements claiming to directly or indirectly enhance performance are typically the largest group of products marketed to athletes, but only a few (including caffeine, creatine, specific buffering agents and nitrate) have good evidence of benefits. However, responses are affected by the scenario of use and may vary widely between individuals because of factors that include genetics, the microbiome, and habitual diet. Supplements intended to enhance performance should be thoroughly trialed in training or simulated competition before implementation in competition. Inadvertent ingestion of substances prohibited under the anti-doping codes that govern elite sport is a known risk of taking some supplements. Protection of the athlete's health and awareness of the potential for harm must be paramount, and expert professional opinion and assistance is strongly advised before embarking on supplement use.

AB - Nutrition usually makes a small but potentially valuable contribution to successful performance in elite athletes, and dietary supplements can make a minor contribution to this nutrition program. Nonetheless, supplement use is widespread at all levels of sport. Products described as supplements target different issues, including the management of micronutrient deficiencies, supply of convenient forms of energy and macronutrients, and provision of direct benefits to performance or indirect benefits such as supporting intense training regimens. The appropriate use of some supplements can offer benefits to the athlete, but others may be harmful to the athlete's health, performance, and/or livelihood and reputation if an anti-doping rule violation results. A complete nutritional assessment should be undertaken before decisions regarding supplement use are made. Supplements claiming to directly or indirectly enhance performance are typically the largest group of products marketed to athletes, but only a few (including caffeine, creatine, specific buffering agents and nitrate) have good evidence of benefits. However, responses are affected by the scenario of use and may vary widely between individuals because of factors that include genetics, the microbiome, and habitual diet. Supplements intended to enhance performance should be thoroughly trialed in training or simulated competition before implementation in competition. Inadvertent ingestion of substances prohibited under the anti-doping codes that govern elite sport is a known risk of taking some supplements. Protection of the athlete's health and awareness of the potential for harm must be paramount, and expert professional opinion and assistance is strongly advised before embarking on supplement use.

KW - Athletes

KW - Athletic Performance

KW - Consensus

KW - Dietary Supplements

KW - Doping in Sports

KW - Guidelines as Topic

KW - Humans

KW - Nutritional Requirements

KW - Performance-Enhancing Substances

KW - Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena

KW - Journal Article

U2 - 10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0020

DO - 10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0020

M3 - Article

C2 - 29589768

VL - 28

SP - 104

EP - 125

JO - International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

JF - International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

SN - 1526-484X

IS - 2

ER -