The effects of unilateral hand contractions on conscious control in early motor learning

Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

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The effects of unilateral hand contractions on conscious control in early motor learning. / Hoskens, Merel; Uiga, Liis; Cooke, Andrew et al.
Yn: The Journal of Sport and Exercise Science, 01.02.2021, t. 21-31.

Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

HarvardHarvard

Hoskens, M, Uiga, L, Cooke, A, Capio, C & Masters, R 2021, 'The effects of unilateral hand contractions on conscious control in early motor learning', The Journal of Sport and Exercise Science, tt. 21-31. https://doi.org/10.36905/jses.2021.01.04

APA

Hoskens, M., Uiga, L., Cooke, A., Capio, C., & Masters, R. (2021). The effects of unilateral hand contractions on conscious control in early motor learning. The Journal of Sport and Exercise Science, 21-31. https://doi.org/10.36905/jses.2021.01.04

CBE

Hoskens M, Uiga L, Cooke A, Capio C, Masters R. 2021. The effects of unilateral hand contractions on conscious control in early motor learning. The Journal of Sport and Exercise Science. 21-31. https://doi.org/10.36905/jses.2021.01.04

MLA

VancouverVancouver

Hoskens M, Uiga L, Cooke A, Capio C, Masters R. The effects of unilateral hand contractions on conscious control in early motor learning. The Journal of Sport and Exercise Science. 2021 Chw 1;21-31. doi: 10.36905/jses.2021.01.04

Author

Hoskens, Merel ; Uiga, Liis ; Cooke, Andrew et al. / The effects of unilateral hand contractions on conscious control in early motor learning. Yn: The Journal of Sport and Exercise Science. 2021 ; tt. 21-31.

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - The effects of unilateral hand contractions on conscious control in early motor learning

AU - Hoskens, Merel

AU - Uiga, Liis

AU - Cooke, Andrew

AU - Capio, Catherine

AU - Masters, Rich

N1 - change accepted version to published version upon publication

PY - 2021/2/1

Y1 - 2021/2/1

N2 - Objectives: Hemisphere asymmetry can be influenced by hand contractions. Brain imaging studies have indicated that pre-performance left-hand contractions may reduce verbal-analytical engagement in motor planning, whereas pre-performance right-hand contractions may increase verbal-analytical engagement in motor planning. This study examined whether a pre-performance left-hand contraction protocol reduced verbal-analytical engagement during practice of a golf putting task, thereby causing implicit motor learning. Method: Forty-eight golf-novices were randomly allocated to left-hand contractions, right-hand contractions or no hand-contractions (control) groups. A line bisection task was conducted as a manipulation check of whether hemisphere asymmetry occurred. All participants practiced a golf putting task, with their allotted hand contraction protocol performed for 30 sec before every ten putts. Thereafter, participants completed two retention tests (blocks of single-task putting) before and after one transfer test (a block of dual-task putting). Different objective and subjective measures of verbal-analytical engagement were collected. Golf putting accuracy and kinematics were assessed. Additionally, mood-state as a function of hemisphere asymmetry was measured. Results: The line bisection task did not reveal a hemisphere asymmetry effect of the different hand contraction protocols. All groups equally improved during practice; however, the no hand-contraction (control) group showed better performance during both retention tests compared to left-hand and right-hand contraction groups. All groups performed worse in the dual-task transfer test. The objective and subjective measures of verbal-analytical engagement revealed no effect of hand contractions. General mood-state decreased for all groups from pre- to post-practice. Conclusion: Unilateral hand contractions prior to practicing the golf-putting task did not affect performance differently from the no hand-contraction (control) group. However, hand contractions resulted in worse performance compared to the no hand-contraction group during the retention tests, and dual-task transfer performance disrupted performance in all groups. No differences in verbal-analytical engagement were evident. Consequently, left-hand contractions did not promote implicit motor learning. Possible explanations and recommendations for future studies are discussed.

AB - Objectives: Hemisphere asymmetry can be influenced by hand contractions. Brain imaging studies have indicated that pre-performance left-hand contractions may reduce verbal-analytical engagement in motor planning, whereas pre-performance right-hand contractions may increase verbal-analytical engagement in motor planning. This study examined whether a pre-performance left-hand contraction protocol reduced verbal-analytical engagement during practice of a golf putting task, thereby causing implicit motor learning. Method: Forty-eight golf-novices were randomly allocated to left-hand contractions, right-hand contractions or no hand-contractions (control) groups. A line bisection task was conducted as a manipulation check of whether hemisphere asymmetry occurred. All participants practiced a golf putting task, with their allotted hand contraction protocol performed for 30 sec before every ten putts. Thereafter, participants completed two retention tests (blocks of single-task putting) before and after one transfer test (a block of dual-task putting). Different objective and subjective measures of verbal-analytical engagement were collected. Golf putting accuracy and kinematics were assessed. Additionally, mood-state as a function of hemisphere asymmetry was measured. Results: The line bisection task did not reveal a hemisphere asymmetry effect of the different hand contraction protocols. All groups equally improved during practice; however, the no hand-contraction (control) group showed better performance during both retention tests compared to left-hand and right-hand contraction groups. All groups performed worse in the dual-task transfer test. The objective and subjective measures of verbal-analytical engagement revealed no effect of hand contractions. General mood-state decreased for all groups from pre- to post-practice. Conclusion: Unilateral hand contractions prior to practicing the golf-putting task did not affect performance differently from the no hand-contraction (control) group. However, hand contractions resulted in worse performance compared to the no hand-contraction group during the retention tests, and dual-task transfer performance disrupted performance in all groups. No differences in verbal-analytical engagement were evident. Consequently, left-hand contractions did not promote implicit motor learning. Possible explanations and recommendations for future studies are discussed.

U2 - 10.36905/jses.2021.01.04

DO - 10.36905/jses.2021.01.04

M3 - Article

SP - 21

EP - 31

JO - The Journal of Sport and Exercise Science

JF - The Journal of Sport and Exercise Science

SN - 2703-240X

ER -