TY - JOUR

T1 - A double dissociation between semantic and spatial cognition in visual to default network pathways

AU - Gonzalez Alam, Tirso R J

AU - Krieger-Redwood, Katya

AU - Varga, Dominika

AU - Gao, Zhiyao

AU - Horner, Aidan J

AU - Hartley, Tom

AU - Thiebaut de Schotten, Michel

AU - Sliwinska, Magdalena

AU - Pitcher, David

AU - Margulies, Daniel S

AU - Smallwood, Jonathan

AU - Jefferies, Elizabeth

N1 - © 2024, Gonzalez Alam et al.

PY - 2025/1/22

Y1 - 2025/1/22

N2 - Processing pathways between sensory and default mode network (DMN) regions support recognition, navigation, and memory but their organisation is not well understood. We show that functional subdivisions of visual cortex and DMN sit at opposing ends of parallel streams of information processing that support visually mediated semantic and spatial cognition, providing convergent evidence from univariate and multivariate task responses, intrinsic functional and structural connectivity. Participants learned virtual environments consisting of buildings populated with objects, drawn from either a single semantic category or multiple categories. Later, they made semantic and spatial context decisions about these objects and buildings during functional magnetic resonance imaging. A lateral ventral occipital to fronto-temporal DMN pathway was primarily engaged by semantic judgements, while a medial visual to medial temporal DMN pathway supported spatial context judgements. These pathways had distinctive locations in functional connectivity space: the semantic pathway was both further from unimodal systems and more balanced between visual and auditory-motor regions compared with the spatial pathway. When semantic and spatial context information could be integrated (in buildings containing objects from a single category), regions at the intersection of these pathways responded, suggesting that parallel processing streams interact at multiple levels of the cortical hierarchy to produce coherent memory-guided cognition.

AB - Processing pathways between sensory and default mode network (DMN) regions support recognition, navigation, and memory but their organisation is not well understood. We show that functional subdivisions of visual cortex and DMN sit at opposing ends of parallel streams of information processing that support visually mediated semantic and spatial cognition, providing convergent evidence from univariate and multivariate task responses, intrinsic functional and structural connectivity. Participants learned virtual environments consisting of buildings populated with objects, drawn from either a single semantic category or multiple categories. Later, they made semantic and spatial context decisions about these objects and buildings during functional magnetic resonance imaging. A lateral ventral occipital to fronto-temporal DMN pathway was primarily engaged by semantic judgements, while a medial visual to medial temporal DMN pathway supported spatial context judgements. These pathways had distinctive locations in functional connectivity space: the semantic pathway was both further from unimodal systems and more balanced between visual and auditory-motor regions compared with the spatial pathway. When semantic and spatial context information could be integrated (in buildings containing objects from a single category), regions at the intersection of these pathways responded, suggesting that parallel processing streams interact at multiple levels of the cortical hierarchy to produce coherent memory-guided cognition.

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Female

KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging

KW - Cognition/physiology

KW - Semantics

KW - Adult

KW - Young Adult

KW - Visual Cortex/physiology

KW - Default Mode Network/physiology

KW - Brain Mapping

U2 - 10.7554/eLife.94902

DO - 10.7554/eLife.94902

M3 - Article

C2 - 39841127

VL - 13

JO - Elife

JF - Elife

SN - 2050-084X

ER -