TY - JOUR

T1 - Age determines the profile of cognitive impairment after COVID-19. Results of an international, multi-cohort, pooled analysis and meta-analysis

AU - Gonzalez-Aleman, Gabriela

AU - Vavougios, George D

AU - Tartaglia, Carmela

AU - Guekt, Alla

AU - Uvais, Nalakath A

AU - Hosseini, Akram A

AU - D Avossa, Giovanni

AU - de Erausquin, Gabriel

N1 - Poster presentation

PY - 2023/12/25

Y1 - 2023/12/25

N2 - BackgroundEvidence-based data are still lacking to define de characteristics of cognitive impairment after COVI-19. Previous findings suggest that Covid-19 sequelae may resemble early Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this abstract, our team present data from Argentina, Canada, Russia, Greece, and the UK including 1919 patients and 1031 controls.MethodParticipants were 18 to 97 years old. Neuropsychological evaluation included Montreal Cognitive Assessment – MoCA, Toronto Cognitive Assessment- TORCA, and/or batteries specially built for the evaluation of cognitive dimensions. Some cohorts included the anosmia. Participants were evaluated at a maximum of 6 months after discharge. A factorial analysis was performed on each country identifying 3 factors that could be compared between countries: one accounting for memory and language, the second is an attentional factor, and the last is a working memory factor. Between countries that have young population, there was a fourth factor accounting for executive functioning (planning and inhibition). We carried out meta-analysis of common factors and co-variates.ResultAverage duration of formal learning is 11.06 ± 5.11 years, and the mean age is 52.61 ± 15.87 years. Meta-analysis revealed an impairment in language (verbal fluency) for all patients vs controls. Factorial scores revealed that all the participants were impaired in attentional tasks but those over 60 years old were impaired also in working memory and the youngest participants in executive functioning. Significant differences between cases and controls in attentional, memory, and language tasks identified 4 different groups: normal cognition (71%); one dimension impaired (20.5%); two dimensions impaired (6.5%); and three dimensions impaired (2%). In older adults, these proportions rise to 28% for the impairment in one dimension; 11.5% for two dimensions, and 3.5% for three dimensions and is significantly associated with the infection diagnoses (p = 0.013) and with presence and severity of anosmia (p = 0,000).ConclusionOlder adults are at greater risk of suffering persistent cognitive impairment after recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection and cognitive impairment is correlated with the presence and severity of anosmia.

AB - BackgroundEvidence-based data are still lacking to define de characteristics of cognitive impairment after COVI-19. Previous findings suggest that Covid-19 sequelae may resemble early Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this abstract, our team present data from Argentina, Canada, Russia, Greece, and the UK including 1919 patients and 1031 controls.MethodParticipants were 18 to 97 years old. Neuropsychological evaluation included Montreal Cognitive Assessment – MoCA, Toronto Cognitive Assessment- TORCA, and/or batteries specially built for the evaluation of cognitive dimensions. Some cohorts included the anosmia. Participants were evaluated at a maximum of 6 months after discharge. A factorial analysis was performed on each country identifying 3 factors that could be compared between countries: one accounting for memory and language, the second is an attentional factor, and the last is a working memory factor. Between countries that have young population, there was a fourth factor accounting for executive functioning (planning and inhibition). We carried out meta-analysis of common factors and co-variates.ResultAverage duration of formal learning is 11.06 ± 5.11 years, and the mean age is 52.61 ± 15.87 years. Meta-analysis revealed an impairment in language (verbal fluency) for all patients vs controls. Factorial scores revealed that all the participants were impaired in attentional tasks but those over 60 years old were impaired also in working memory and the youngest participants in executive functioning. Significant differences between cases and controls in attentional, memory, and language tasks identified 4 different groups: normal cognition (71%); one dimension impaired (20.5%); two dimensions impaired (6.5%); and three dimensions impaired (2%). In older adults, these proportions rise to 28% for the impairment in one dimension; 11.5% for two dimensions, and 3.5% for three dimensions and is significantly associated with the infection diagnoses (p = 0.013) and with presence and severity of anosmia (p = 0,000).ConclusionOlder adults are at greater risk of suffering persistent cognitive impairment after recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection and cognitive impairment is correlated with the presence and severity of anosmia.

KW - Covid 19

KW - cognitive impairment

U2 - 10.1002/alz.083081

DO - 10.1002/alz.083081

M3 - Conference article

VL - 19

JO - Alzheimer's and Dementia

JF - Alzheimer's and Dementia

SN - 1552-5260

IS - S24

M1 - e083081

ER -