TY - JOUR

T1 - Cultural differences in clinical leadership

T2 - a qualitative study comparing the attitudes of general dental practitioners from Greater Manchester and Tokyo

AU - Brocklehurst, P

AU - Nomura, M

AU - Ozaki, T

AU - Matsuda, R

PY - 2013/11

Y1 - 2013/11

N2 - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Leadership has been argued to be a key component in the transformation of services in the United Kingdom and in Japan. In the UK, local professional networks have developed to provide clinician led care in dentistry; working to develop local plans to deliver improvements in the quality of care for patients. In Japan, the remuneration model for dental care has been revised with the aim to improve the service and tackle the current challenges of population health there. The aim of this study was to use semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis to explore general dental practitioners' (GDPs) understanding of the term 'leadership' and determine whether its meaning is culturally bound.METHODS: Twelve participants were sampled purposively by the research team; identifying GDPs involved in leadership roles from across Greater Manchester and Tokyo. A set of open-ended questions was developed for semi-structured interviews a priori and the interviews continued until saturation. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and codes were developed into a coding frame for thematic analysis. Representative quotations are provided in the results.RESULTS: Fourteen codes were identified according to the aims of the study and organised into five overarching themes. 'Leadership as the relationship' was more pronounced among Japanese GDPs, while 'leadership as the individual' was common in GDPs from Greater Manchester. Differences were also found in respect of education and training in leadership. Training was also considered to be important by the GDPs from Japan, while UK GDPs felt leaders were more likely to be influenced by innate qualities. The interdependence of leadership and entrepreneurship was raised by both sets of GDPs.CONCLUSION: The concept of leadership was considered to be important by GDPs from both Greater Manchester and Tokyo; leadership was seen as providing strategy and direction for a clinical team. However, cultural influences were evident in how this was conceptualised.

AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Leadership has been argued to be a key component in the transformation of services in the United Kingdom and in Japan. In the UK, local professional networks have developed to provide clinician led care in dentistry; working to develop local plans to deliver improvements in the quality of care for patients. In Japan, the remuneration model for dental care has been revised with the aim to improve the service and tackle the current challenges of population health there. The aim of this study was to use semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis to explore general dental practitioners' (GDPs) understanding of the term 'leadership' and determine whether its meaning is culturally bound.METHODS: Twelve participants were sampled purposively by the research team; identifying GDPs involved in leadership roles from across Greater Manchester and Tokyo. A set of open-ended questions was developed for semi-structured interviews a priori and the interviews continued until saturation. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and codes were developed into a coding frame for thematic analysis. Representative quotations are provided in the results.RESULTS: Fourteen codes were identified according to the aims of the study and organised into five overarching themes. 'Leadership as the relationship' was more pronounced among Japanese GDPs, while 'leadership as the individual' was common in GDPs from Greater Manchester. Differences were also found in respect of education and training in leadership. Training was also considered to be important by the GDPs from Japan, while UK GDPs felt leaders were more likely to be influenced by innate qualities. The interdependence of leadership and entrepreneurship was raised by both sets of GDPs.CONCLUSION: The concept of leadership was considered to be important by GDPs from both Greater Manchester and Tokyo; leadership was seen as providing strategy and direction for a clinical team. However, cultural influences were evident in how this was conceptualised.

KW - Adult

KW - Aged

KW - Attitude of Health Personnel

KW - Culture

KW - Dental Care

KW - Dentists

KW - Education, Dental

KW - England

KW - Entrepreneurship

KW - Female

KW - General Practice, Dental

KW - Humans

KW - Interprofessional Relations

KW - Leadership

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Patient Care Team

KW - Personality

KW - Professional Role

KW - Qualitative Research

KW - Quality of Health Care

KW - Tokyo

KW - Journal Article

KW - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

U2 - 10.1038/sj.bdj.2013.1096

DO - 10.1038/sj.bdj.2013.1096

M3 - Article

C2 - 24231888

VL - 215

SP - E19

JO - British Dental Journal

JF - British Dental Journal

SN - 1476-5373

IS - 10

ER -