The ICD-11 classification of personality disorders: a European perspective on challenges and opportunities

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  • Bo Bach
    Center for Personality Disorder Research
  • Ueli Kramer
    Lausanne University Hospital
  • Stephan Doering
    Medical University of Vienna
  • Ester di Giacomo
    University of Milan Bicocca
  • Joost Hutsebaut
    De Viersprong Institute for Studies on Personality Disorders
  • Andres Kaera
    Kanta-Häme Central Hospital
  • Chiara De Panfilis
    University of Parma
  • Christian Schmahl
    University of Heidelberg
  • Michaela Swales
  • Svenja Taubner
    University of Heidelberg
  • Babette Renneberg
    Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy

The 11th revision of the World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) includes a fundamentally new approach to Personality Disorders (PD). ICD-11 is expected to be implemented first in European countries before other WHO member states. The present paper provides an overview of this new ICD-11 model including PD severity classification, trait domain specifiers, and the additional borderline pattern specifier. We discuss the perceived challenges and opportunities of using the ICD-11 approach with particular focus on its continuity and discontinuity with familiar PD categories such as avoidant PD and narcissistic PD. The advent of the ICD-11 PD classification involves major changes for health care workers, researchers, administrators, and service providers as well as patients and families involved. The anticipated challenges and opportunities are put forward in terms of specific unanswered questions. It is our hope that these questions will stimulate further research and discussion among researchers and clinicians in the coming years.

Original languageEnglish
Article number12
Journal Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation
Volume9
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Apr 2022

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