Visible Light Communications: 170 Mb/s Using an Artificial Neural Network Equalizer in a Low Bandwidth White Light Configuration
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In: Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 32, No. 9, 01.05.2014, p. 1807 - 1813.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Visible Light Communications: 170 Mb/s Using an Artificial Neural Network Equalizer in a Low Bandwidth White Light Configuration
AU - Haigh, P. A.
AU - Ghassemlooy, Z.
AU - Rajbhandari, Sujan
AU - Papakonstantinou, I.
AU - Popoola, W.
N1 - “© 2014 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.”
PY - 2014/5/1
Y1 - 2014/5/1
N2 - In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate for the first time an on off keying modulated visible light communications system achieving 170 Mb/s using an artificial neural network (ANN) based equalizer. Adaptive decision feedback (DF) and linear equalizers are also implemented and the system performances are measured using both real time (TI TMS320C6713 digital signal processing board) and offline (MATLAB) implementation of the equalizers. The performance of each equalizer is analyzed in this paper using a low bandwidth (4.5 MHz) light emitting diode (LED) as the transmitter and a large bandwidth (150 MHz) PIN photodetector as the receiver. The achievable data rates using the white spectrum are 170, 90, 40 and 20 Mb/s for ANN, DF, linear and unequalized topologies, respectively. Using a blue filter to isolate the fast blue component of the LED (at the cost of the power contribution of the yellowish wavelengths) is a popular method of improving the data rate. We further demonstrate that it is possible to sustain higher data rates from the white light with ANN equalization than the blue component due to the high signal-to-noise ratio that is obtained from retaining the yellowish wavelengths. Using the blue component we could achieve data rates of 150, 130, 90 and 70 Mb/s for the same equalizers, respectively.
AB - In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate for the first time an on off keying modulated visible light communications system achieving 170 Mb/s using an artificial neural network (ANN) based equalizer. Adaptive decision feedback (DF) and linear equalizers are also implemented and the system performances are measured using both real time (TI TMS320C6713 digital signal processing board) and offline (MATLAB) implementation of the equalizers. The performance of each equalizer is analyzed in this paper using a low bandwidth (4.5 MHz) light emitting diode (LED) as the transmitter and a large bandwidth (150 MHz) PIN photodetector as the receiver. The achievable data rates using the white spectrum are 170, 90, 40 and 20 Mb/s for ANN, DF, linear and unequalized topologies, respectively. Using a blue filter to isolate the fast blue component of the LED (at the cost of the power contribution of the yellowish wavelengths) is a popular method of improving the data rate. We further demonstrate that it is possible to sustain higher data rates from the white light with ANN equalization than the blue component due to the high signal-to-noise ratio that is obtained from retaining the yellowish wavelengths. Using the blue component we could achieve data rates of 150, 130, 90 and 70 Mb/s for the same equalizers, respectively.
KW - amplitude shift keying
KW - equalisers
KW - light emitting diodes
KW - neural nets
KW - optical communication
KW - optical filters
KW - p-i-n photodiodes
KW - photodetectors
KW - ANN equalization
KW - LED
KW - PIN photodetector
KW - TI TMS320C6713 digital signal processing board
KW - adaptive decision feedback
KW - artificial neural network equalizer
KW - bandwidth 150 MHz
KW - bandwidth 4.5 MHz
KW - bit rate 130 Mbit/s
KW - bit rate 150 Mbit/s
KW - bit rate 170 Mbit/s
KW - bit rate 20 Mbit/s
KW - bit rate 40 Mbit/s
KW - bit rate 70 Mbit/s
KW - bit rate 90 Mbit/s
KW - blue component
KW - blue filter
KW - light emitting diode
KW - linear equalizers
KW - linear topologies
KW - low bandwidth white light configuration
KW - offline MATLAB implementation
KW - on off keying modulated visible light communications system
KW - signal-to-noise ratio
KW - system performances
KW - unequalized topologies
KW - white spectrum
KW - yellowish wavelengths
KW - Adaptive equalizer
KW - artificial neural network (ANN)
KW - light emitting diodes (LEDs)
KW - visible light communications (VLCs)
KW - Artificial neural networks
KW - Bandwidth
KW - Digital signal processing
KW - Equalizers
KW - Light emitting diodes
KW - MATLAB
KW - Signal to noise ratio
U2 - 10.1109/JLT.2014.2314635
DO - 10.1109/JLT.2014.2314635
M3 - Article
VL - 32
SP - 1807
EP - 1813
JO - Journal of Lightwave Technology
JF - Journal of Lightwave Technology
SN - 0733-8724
IS - 9
ER -