TY - JOUR

T1 - Dissociating Slow Responses From Slow Responding

AU - Salunkhe, G.

AU - Feige, B.

AU - Saville, Christopher

AU - Stefanou, Maria-Elena

AU - Linden, David

AU - Bender, Stephan

AU - Berger, Andrea

AU - Smyrnis, N.

AU - Biscaldi, M.

AU - Klein, Christoph

N1 - The article processing charge was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the University of Freiburg in the funding programme Open Access Publishing. Copyright © 2020 Salunkhe, Feige, Saville, Stefanou, Linden, Bender, Berger, Smyrnis, Biscaldi and Klein.

PY - 2020/10/2

Y1 - 2020/10/2

N2 - Increased Intra-Subject Variability (ISV) is a candidate endophenotype of ADHD. ISV's relationship with response speed is highly relevant for ADHD as patients are highly variable but typically no slower than controls. This brief report addresses the relationship between variability and speed by employing dimensional analyses for differentiated performance measures, with a particular focus on the ex-Gaussian measures, across relevant ADHD studies and in young healthy adults (N = 70). For both patients with ADHD and healthy adults, we found that reaction time standard deviation and mean reaction time were strongly correlated, thus failing to dissociate, but ex-Gaussian tau (τ) shared only little variance with Gaussian mu (μ), thus dissociating slow responses (τ) from response speed or-if given-slow responding (μ). Our results highlight the utility of employing the ex-Gaussian measures to disentangle ISV and speed, particularly for ADHD data as patients make more slow responses but are not overall slower than typical controls.

AB - Increased Intra-Subject Variability (ISV) is a candidate endophenotype of ADHD. ISV's relationship with response speed is highly relevant for ADHD as patients are highly variable but typically no slower than controls. This brief report addresses the relationship between variability and speed by employing dimensional analyses for differentiated performance measures, with a particular focus on the ex-Gaussian measures, across relevant ADHD studies and in young healthy adults (N = 70). For both patients with ADHD and healthy adults, we found that reaction time standard deviation and mean reaction time were strongly correlated, thus failing to dissociate, but ex-Gaussian tau (τ) shared only little variance with Gaussian mu (μ), thus dissociating slow responses (τ) from response speed or-if given-slow responding (μ). Our results highlight the utility of employing the ex-Gaussian measures to disentangle ISV and speed, particularly for ADHD data as patients make more slow responses but are not overall slower than typical controls.

KW - attention-deficit

KW - hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

KW - intra-subject variability

KW - response speed

KW - ex-Gaussian modeling

KW - principal components analyses

U2 - 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.505800

DO - 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.505800

M3 - Article

C2 - 33132925

VL - 11

JO - Frontiers in Psychiatry

JF - Frontiers in Psychiatry

SN - 1664-0640

M1 - 505800

ER -