Long-term Observations Reveal Environmental Conditions and Food Supply Mechanisms at an Arctic Deep-Sea Sponge Ground

Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

Fersiynau electronig

Dangosydd eitem ddigidol (DOI)

  • Ulrike Hanz
    Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Utrecht University
  • Emyr Martyn Roberts
    University of Bergen
  • Gerard Duineveld
    Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Utrecht University
  • Andrew Davies
    University of Rhode Island
  • Hans van Haren
    Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Utrecht University
  • Hans Tore Rapp
    University of Bergen
  • Gert-Jan Reichart
    Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Utrecht University
  • Furu Mienis
    Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Utrecht University
Deep-sea sponge grounds are hotspots of benthic biomass and diversity. To date, very limited data exist on the range of environmental conditions in areas containing deep-sea sponge grounds and which factors are driving their distribution and sustenance. We investigated oceanographic conditions at a deep-sea sponge ground located on an Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge seamount. Hydrodynamic measurements were performed along Conductivity-Temperature-Depth transects, and a lander was deployed within the sponge ground that recorded near-bottom physical properties as well as vertical fluxes of organic matter over an annual cycle. The data demonstrate that the sponge ground is found at water temperatures of −0.5°C to 1°C and is situated at the interface between two water masses at only 0.7° equatorward of the turning point latitude of semi-diurnal lunar internal tides. Internal waves supported by vertical density stratification interact with the seamount topography and produce turbulent mixing as well as resuspension of organic matter with temporarily very high current speeds up to 0.72 m s−1. The vertical movement of the water column delivers food and nutrients from water layers above and below toward the sponge ground. Highest organic carbon flux was observed during the summer phytoplankton bloom period, providing fresh organic matter from the surface. The flux of fresh organic matter is unlikely to sustain the carbon demand of this ecosystem. Therefore, the availability of bacteria, nutrients, and dissolved and particulate matter, delivered by tidally forced internal wave turbulence and transport by horizontal mean flows, likely plays an important role in meeting ecosystem-level food requirements.

Allweddeiriau

Iaith wreiddiolSaesneg
Rhif yr erthygle2020JC016776
CyfnodolynJournal of Geophysical Research-Oceans
Cyfrol126
Rhif y cyfnodolyn3
Dyddiad ar-lein cynnar22 Chwef 2021
Dynodwyr Gwrthrych Digidol (DOIs)
StatwsCyhoeddwyd - 1 Maw 2021
Cyhoeddwyd yn allanolIe
Gweld graff cysylltiadau