Amazon forest biogeography predicts resilience and vulnerability to drought
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In: Nature, 19.06.2024.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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T1 - Amazon forest biogeography predicts resilience and vulnerability to drought
AU - Chen, Shuli
AU - Stark, Scott C.
AU - Nobre, Antonio Donato
AU - Cuartas, Luz Adriana
AU - Amore, Diogo de Jesus
AU - Restrepo-Coupe, Natalia
AU - Smith, Marielle
AU - Chitra-Tarak, Rutuja
AU - Ko, Hongseok
AU - Nelson, Bruce
AU - Saleska, Scott R.
PY - 2024/6/19
Y1 - 2024/6/19
N2 - Amazonia contains the most extensive tropical forests on Earth, but Amazon carbon sinks of atmospheric CO2 are declining, as deforestation and climate-change-associated droughts1,2,3,4 threaten to push these forests past a tipping point towards collapse5,6,7,8. Forests exhibit complex drought responses, indicating both resilience (photosynthetic greening) and vulnerability (browning and tree mortality), that are difficult to explain by climate variation alone9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17. Here we combine remotely sensed photosynthetic indices with ground-measured tree demography to identify mechanisms underlying drought resilience/vulnerability in different intact forest ecotopes18,19 (defined by water-table depth, soil fertility and texture, and vegetation characteristics). In higher-fertility southern Amazonia, drought response was structured by water-table depth, with resilient greening in shallow-water-table forests (where greater water availability heightened response to excess sunlight), contrasting with vulnerability (browning and excess tree mortality) over deeper water tables. Notably, the resilience of shallow-water-table forest weakened as drought lengthened. By contrast, lower-fertility northern Amazonia, with slower-growing but hardier trees (or, alternatively, tall forests, with deep-rooted water access), supported more-drought-resilient forests independent of water-table depth. This functional biogeography of drought response provides a framework for conservation decisions and improved predictions of heterogeneous forest responses to future climate changes, warning that Amazonia’s most productive forests are also at greatest risk, and that longer/more frequent droughts are undermining multiple ecohydrological strategies and capacities for Amazon forest resilien
AB - Amazonia contains the most extensive tropical forests on Earth, but Amazon carbon sinks of atmospheric CO2 are declining, as deforestation and climate-change-associated droughts1,2,3,4 threaten to push these forests past a tipping point towards collapse5,6,7,8. Forests exhibit complex drought responses, indicating both resilience (photosynthetic greening) and vulnerability (browning and tree mortality), that are difficult to explain by climate variation alone9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17. Here we combine remotely sensed photosynthetic indices with ground-measured tree demography to identify mechanisms underlying drought resilience/vulnerability in different intact forest ecotopes18,19 (defined by water-table depth, soil fertility and texture, and vegetation characteristics). In higher-fertility southern Amazonia, drought response was structured by water-table depth, with resilient greening in shallow-water-table forests (where greater water availability heightened response to excess sunlight), contrasting with vulnerability (browning and excess tree mortality) over deeper water tables. Notably, the resilience of shallow-water-table forest weakened as drought lengthened. By contrast, lower-fertility northern Amazonia, with slower-growing but hardier trees (or, alternatively, tall forests, with deep-rooted water access), supported more-drought-resilient forests independent of water-table depth. This functional biogeography of drought response provides a framework for conservation decisions and improved predictions of heterogeneous forest responses to future climate changes, warning that Amazonia’s most productive forests are also at greatest risk, and that longer/more frequent droughts are undermining multiple ecohydrological strategies and capacities for Amazon forest resilien
U2 - 10.1038/s41586-024-07568-w
DO - 10.1038/s41586-024-07568-w
M3 - Article
JO - Nature
JF - Nature
SN - 1476-4687
ER -