TY - JOUR

T1 - Characterization of antarctic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria capable of producing bioemulsifiers

AU - Yakimov, M M

AU - Giuliano, L

AU - Bruni, V

AU - Scarfì, S

AU - Golyshin, P N

PY - 1999/7

Y1 - 1999/7

N2 - During screening for biosurfactant-producing, n-alkane-degrading marine bacteria, two heterotrophic bacterial strains were isolated from enriched mixed cultures, obtained from Terra Nova Bay (Ross sea, Antarctica) by using aliphatic and artomatic hydrocarbons as the principal carbon source. These gram-positive, aerobic, cocci-shaped bacteria use a various number of organic compounds, including aliphatic hydrocarbons, volatile fatty acids, and biphenyl. During cultivation on n-alkanes as sole source of carbon and energy, all strains produced both an extracellular and cell-bound surface-active mixture of trehalose lipids which reduced the surface tension of water from 72 mN/m to 32mN/m. This class of glycolipids was found to be produced only by marine rhodococci. The 16S-rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that both strains are members of the G + C rich gram-positive group of the phylum Proteobacteria and was found to be almost identical to that of Rhodococcus fascians DSM 20669. The potential of these strains for in situ bioremediation of contaminated cold marine environment is discussed in the present study.

AB - During screening for biosurfactant-producing, n-alkane-degrading marine bacteria, two heterotrophic bacterial strains were isolated from enriched mixed cultures, obtained from Terra Nova Bay (Ross sea, Antarctica) by using aliphatic and artomatic hydrocarbons as the principal carbon source. These gram-positive, aerobic, cocci-shaped bacteria use a various number of organic compounds, including aliphatic hydrocarbons, volatile fatty acids, and biphenyl. During cultivation on n-alkanes as sole source of carbon and energy, all strains produced both an extracellular and cell-bound surface-active mixture of trehalose lipids which reduced the surface tension of water from 72 mN/m to 32mN/m. This class of glycolipids was found to be produced only by marine rhodococci. The 16S-rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that both strains are members of the G + C rich gram-positive group of the phylum Proteobacteria and was found to be almost identical to that of Rhodococcus fascians DSM 20669. The potential of these strains for in situ bioremediation of contaminated cold marine environment is discussed in the present study.

KW - Alkanes/metabolism

KW - Antarctic Regions

KW - Biodegradation, Environmental

KW - Biphenyl Compounds/metabolism

KW - Burkholderia cepacia/drug effects

KW - DNA, Ribosomal/genetics

KW - Glycolipids/biosynthesis

KW - Hydrocarbons/metabolism

KW - Marine Biology

KW - Phylogeny

KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics

KW - Rhodococcus/classification

KW - Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment

KW - Surface-Active Agents/metabolism

KW - Trehalose

KW - Water Microbiology

M3 - Article

C2 - 10423744

VL - 22

SP - 249

EP - 256

JO - New microbiologica

JF - New microbiologica

SN - 1121-7138

IS - 3

ER -