An Analysis of Wetland Habitat Restoration and Biodiversity

Electronic versions

  • Alfie Martin Parsons

    Research areas

  • Wetland, Wetlands, MSc Res, Master of Science by Research (MScRes), Habitat, Habitat restoration, restoration, wet meadow, biodiversity

Abstract

Habitat restoration is the improvement of habitats to a near natural state. Biodiversity is the variety of habitats, organisms and/or genetic variation within and ecosystem. The restoration of habitats has long been seen as an effective method for restoring, improving, and maintaining biodiversity to the extent that it is often used as a measure of success of habitat restoration schemes. Wetland habitats provide multiple ecosystem services benefiting humans, nature, and the environment and are often labelled biodiversity hotspots. They are also proven to deliver ecosystem services such as flood prevention and carbon sequestration more successfully than habitats such as woodlands. However, the extent at which biodiversity is studied before and after restorative actions have taken place is often unclear within the literature considering it is used as a measure for success. Specific taxa are often chosen as measure of success, for example, birds but the effects on all organisms within a habitat or ecosystem is relatively unknown. Throughout this study we reviewed the use of biodiversity data used in “successful” wetland restoration projects. We then undertook a biodiversity comparison study two wet meadow habitats one post restorative actions and one pre-restorative actions using floral and aquatic macroinvertebrate biodiversity as indices to measure whether restoration does increase biodiversity of these taxa. This was due to lack of available date from pre-restoration of the restored wet meadow. We found the restored wet meadow habitat had a great floristic biodiversity however the habitat chosen as pre-restoration had a greater macroinvertebrate biodiversity. We then undertook a baseline study on an area which is in the design phase for a habitat restoration scheme. By doing this we collected biodiversity data across all available taxa an measured its current biodiversity. This provides a foundation for future research post restoration of this site to study the effects of the scheme have had on the biodiversity of the site, which species have newly colonised, which species have been lost and changes in population size. By conducting these studies, we can start to look at whether it is worth costing into schemes large studies such as this to truly measure success and impact on biodiversity. We aim to better improve the future understanding of the impacts that habitat restorative actions may have on biodiversity and how best to use it as an indices to measure success noting that biodiversity is more complex than simply a specific taxa increasing in species richness.

Details

Original languageEnglish
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Award date20 Dec 2023