1. Published

   Efficient and Product-Controlled Depolymerization of Lignin Oriented by Raney Ni Cooperated with Cs x H3 − x PW12O40.

   Shen, X.-J., Wen, J.-L., Huang, P.-L., Zheng, K., Wang, S.-F., Liu, Q., Charlton, A. & Sun, R.-C., 22 Jul 2017, In: BioEnergy Research. 10, DOI 10.1007/s12155-017-9855-2, p. 1155-1162 8 p.

   Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2. Published

   High-yield carbon derived from commercial phenol–formaldehyde resin for broadband microwave absorption by balancing conductivity and polarization loss

   Shi, Y., Li, X., Liu, Q., Zhang, C., Guo, W., Tian, K., Elias, R. & Wang, H., Apr 2023, In: Journal of Materials Science. 58, p. 7048-7059

   Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3. E-pub ahead of print

   Life cycle assessment of pulp‑moulded and thermoformed oil palm fibre‑based food tray

   Skinner, C., Jawaid, M., Singh, B., Alzahri, A., Elias, R., Fouad, H. & Hashem, M., 22 Nov 2024, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Discover Applied Sciences. 6, 632, 12 p.

   Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4. Published

   Factors affecting the life cycle assessment of biopolymers: Commissioned report for the Bio-based and Biodegradable Industries Association, submitted as part of response to UK Government consultation on ‘’Standards for biodegradable, compostable and bio-based plastics: call for evidence.’’

   Skinner, C., 13 Oct 2019, 6 p.

   Research output: Book/Report › Commissioned report

5. Published

   Thermo-mechanical pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for the production of bio-composite materials

   Skinner, C., Laflin, N., Heathcote, D., Elias, R. & Charlton, A., 6 Apr 2016.

   Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper › peer-review

6. Published

   Designing with the life cycle in mind

   Skinner, C., 5 Sept 2018, Designing with natural materials. Ormondroyd, G. & Morris, A. (eds.). 1 ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, p. 111 21 p.

   Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

7. Published

   Pressurised disc refining of wheat straw as a pre-treatment approach for agricultural residues: A preliminary assessment of energy consumption and fibre composition

   Skinner, C., Baker, P., Tomkinson, J., Richards, D. & Charlton, A., 1 May 2020, In: Bioresource Technology. 304, 122976.

   Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

8. Published

   Life cycle assessment of pilot-scale wood fibre production using mechanical disc refining at different pressures

   Skinner, C., Stefanowski, B., Heathcote, D., Charlton, A. & Ormondroyd, G., 2016, In: International Wood Products Journal. 7, 3, p. 149-155

   Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9. Published

   Chemical changes in mild thermal treatment of larch: to what extent do they differ from full thermal modification?

   Spear, M. J., Cowley, C. D., Binding, T., Dimitriou, A. & Ormondroyd, G. A., 26 Oct 2015.

   Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

10. Published

    Wood polymer composites

    Spear, M. J., Eder, A. & Carus, M., 1 Aug 2015, Wood Composites. Ansell, M. P. (ed.). 2015 ed. Woodhead Publishing Ltd, p. 195-249

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

11. Published

    Preservation, protection and modification of wood composites

    Spear, M. J., 1 Aug 2015, Wood Composites. 2015 ed. Woodhead Publishing Ltd, p. 253-310

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

12. Published

    Moisture control in oil and bioresin heat treated timber.

    Spear, M. J., Fowler, P. A., Hill, C. A., Hale, M. D., Jones, D. (Editor), Militz, H. (Editor) & Ormondroyd, G. A. (Editor), 1 Jan 2007, p. 147-151.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

13. Published

    Biobased and Bioinspired materials for a modern building design - a research perspective

    Spear, M. J., Raghavalu Thirumalai, D. P., Durai Prabhakaran, R. T., Ormondroyd, G. A., Curling, S. F. & Spear, M., 7 Oct 2015, p. 293-296.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

14. Published

    Assessment of the Envelope Effect of Three Hot Oil Treatments: Resistance to Decay by Coniophora puteana and Postia placenta.

    Spear, M. J., Hill, C. A., Curling, S. F., Jones, D. & Hale, M. D., 1 Jan 2006, 2006 ed. Unknown.

    Research output: Book/Report › Commissioned report

15. Published

    Oil Heat Treatment of Timber for Reduced Hygroscopicity

    Spear, M. J., Spear, M., Fleurentdidier, V., Stefanowski, B. & Ormondroyd, G. A., 7 Sept 2012.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

16. Published

    Mild thermal modification to enhance the machinability of larch

    Spear, M. J., Binding, T., Jenkins, D., Nicholls, J. & Ormondroyd, G. A., 10 Mar 2014.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

17. Published

    Evaluating the optimization of wood modification with polybutylene succinate bio-polyester

    Spear, M. J., Noel, M., Ormondroyd, G. A., Grigsby, W. & Volkmer, T., 26 Oct 2015.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

18. Published

    Mild thermal modification to add value to UK grown larch: monitoring quality, physical properties and benefits

    Spear, M., Dimitriou, A., Binding, T. & Ormondroyd, G., 10 Mar 2016, Forest Resource and Products: Moving Toward a Sustainable Future .

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

19. Published

    Review of Functional Treatments For Modified Wood

    Spear, M., Curling, S., Dimitriou, A. & Ormondroyd, G., 12 Mar 2021, In: Coatings. 11, 3, 29 p., 327.

    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

20. Published

    Scale up of mild thermal modification for cladding and joinery products

    Spear, M., Curling, S. & Ormondroyd, G., 3 Jul 2019, p. 113-117. 5 p.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

21. Published

    Model study to compare drying rate through laser incisions in beech wood

    Spear, M., Pitman, A., Nath, S., Miles, C., Waugh, D., Mason, P. & Ormondroyd, G., 3 Jul 2019, p. 69-78. 10 p.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

22. Published

    Insights into stability of glued joints between thermally modified timber: adaptation of an artificial weathering test

    Spear, M., Teciu, R. & Ormondroyd, G., 17 Sept 2018, Proceedings of 9th European Conference on Wood Modification. Creemers, J. (ed.). 6 p.

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

23. Published

    Physical properties of UK grown larch subjected to mild and moderate thermal modification processes

    Spear, M., Binding, T., Nicholls, J., Jenkins, D. & Ormondroyd, G., 14 Sept 2015.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

24. Published

    Dimensional instability in timber

    Spear, M. & Walker, J. C. F., 6 Sept 2006, Primary Wood Processing: Principles and Practice. 2nd ed. Springer, p. 95-120

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

25. Published

    Developments in the Recycling of Wood and Wood Fibre in the UK: A Review

    Spear, M., Dimitriou, A., Curling, S. & Ormondroyd, G., 15 Feb 2025, In: Fibers. 13, 2, 22 p., 23.

    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

26. Published

    Comparison of Contemporary Elm (Ulmus spp.) and degraded Archaeological Elm: the use of dynamic mechanical analysis under ambient moisture conditions

    Spear, M. & Broda, M., 7 Nov 2020, In: Materials. 13, 21, 5026.

    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

27. Published

    Paving the way: the potential for phenol formaldehyde resin treatment for durable end-grain cobbles

    Spear, M. & Jones, D., 9 Sept 2020, p. 165-176. 12 p.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

28. Published

    Transcrystalline Interphases in Polypropylene Composites: Exploring the Possibilities

    Spear, M., Hill, C. & Tomkinson, J., 19 May 2005, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Woodfiber-Plastic Composites (and other natural fibers). Madison, WI: Forest Products Society, p. 49-57 8 p.

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

29. Published

    Communication of Uncertainty in Spatial Data to Decision Makers

    Spear, M., Hall, J. & Wadsworth, R. A., 21 May 1996, Proceedings of Spatial Accuracy Assessment in Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences: Second International Symposium.

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

30. Published

    Wood Modification: Optimisation and characterisation of modified timbers

    Spear, M. (Editor) & Bak, M. (Editor), 14 Jan 2025, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). 169 p. (Special Issue Reprint)

    Research output: Book/Report › Book › peer-review

31. Published

    A conceptual methodology for estimating stored sequestered carbon in the built environment

    Spear, M., Hill, C. & Price, C., Jan 2021, Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, Vol 23, Sustainability and energy in buildings 2020. Littlewood, J. (ed.). Vol. 23. p. 381-393 12 p.

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › peer-review

32. Published

    Wood based panels in modern methods of construction for housing: greenhouse gas abatement analysis

    Spear, M., Norton, A., Hill, C., Price, C. & Ormondroyd, G., 8 Oct 2019, p. 95-108. 14 p.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

33. Published

    Guest Editorial

    Spear, M. (Editor) & Ormondroyd, G. (Editor), May 2012, In: International Wood Products Journal. 3, 1, p. 1 1 p.

    Research output: Contribution to journal › Editorial

34. Published

    Wood Modification – Trends and Combinations

    Spear, M. & Bak, M., 20 Jul 2024, In: Forests. 15, 7, 1 p., 1268.

    Research output: Contribution to journal › Editorial

35. Published

    Chemical Composition of Larch Oleoresin before and during Thermal Modification

    Spear, M., Dimitriou, A. & Marriott, R., 23 May 2024, In: Forests. 15, 6, 14 p., 904.

    Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

36. Published

    Phenol Formaldehyde Resin Treatment of End Grain Cobbles for Flooring and Paving Applications

    Spear, M., Jones, D., Miles, C. & Ormondroyd, G., 25 Apr 2022, p. 407-414. 8 p.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

37. Published

    Emerging nature based materials and their use in new products

    Spear, M., 25 Sept 2018, Designing with natural materials. Ormondroyd, G. & Morris, A. (eds.). CRC Press, p. 217-321 104 p.

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

38. Published

    Natural Materials – Composition and Combinations

    Spear, M., 25 Sept 2018, Designing with natural materials. Ormondroyd, G. & Morris, A. (eds.). CRC Press, p. 29-110 82 p.

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

39. Published

    Fluid flow in wood: investigation of the influence of laser incision parameters on uptake and flow paths in four wood species

    Spear, M., Holmberg, J., Nath, S., Pitman, A., Waugh, D., Mason, P., Curling, S. & Ormondroyd, G., 26 Jun 2018, Timber 2018. Spear, M. (ed.). London, p. 137-144 8 p.

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

40. Published

    Laser Incising - A Philosophical Shift: From Timber Treatment to Wood Modification

    Spear, M., Mason, P., Williams, G. & Ormondroyd, G., 15 Apr 2024, p. 162. 1 p.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Poster

41. Published

    Hot Oil and Resin Treated Timber: Resistance to Decay by Brown Rot Fungi

    Spear, M., Fowler, P., Hill, C. & Elias, R., 20 Sept 2006, Proceedings of ECOWOOD2006, 2nd International Conference on Environmentally-Compatible Forest Products. Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, 9 p.

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

42. Published

    Considering timber as biogenic carbon: the built environment and carbon sequestration

    Spear, M., Hill, C., Norton, A. & Price, C., 26 Jun 2018, p. 67-68. 2 p.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

43. Published

    Timber and Carbon for Corporate Reporting: Can We Declare Stored Carbon, Substitution Benefits, or Both?

    Spear, M., 5 Jul 2022.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

44. Published

    Wood in Construction in the UK: An Analysis of Carbon Abatement Potential. Extended Summary. Published as an annex to the Committee on Climate Change report "Biomass in a low-carbon economy".

    Spear, M., Hill, C., Norton, A., Price, C. & Ormondroyd, G., 18 Jul 2019, Committee on Climate Change. 28 p.

    Research output: Book/Report › Commissioned report › peer-review

45. Published

    Biogenic carbon: its joint roles in bioenergy and carbon sequestration

    Spear, M., Norton, A., Hill, C., Raghavalu Thirumalai, D. & Ormondroyd, G., 6 Sept 2018, p. 53. 1 p.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

46. Published

    Guest Editorial

    Spear, M. (Editor) & Ormondroyd, G. (Editor), 3 Sept 2014, In: International Wood Products Journal. 5, 3, p. 129 1 p.

    Research output: Contribution to journal › Editorial

47. Published

    Demonstrating the suitability of laser incision for timber treatment technologies

    Spear, M., Miles, C., Williams, E., Mason, P., Williams, G., Pitman , A., Bailey, R., Theobald, T., Nath, S. & Waugh, D., 14 Oct 2021, p. 101-103. 3 p.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper

48. Published

    Use of DMA to Evaluate the Modification of Tropical Hardwood Timbers by Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) Resin

    Spear, M., Ashaduzzaman, M., Ormondroyd, G. & Hale, M., 25 Apr 2022, p. 142-145. 4 p.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Poster

49. Published

    Natural Fibre Reinforced Polypropylene Composites: Assessing the Potential of Hemp and TMP Fibre

    Spear, M., Hill, C. & Tomkinson, J., 9 Oct 2002, Proceedings of the 6th European Panel Products Symposium.

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

50. Published

    Properties of LIGNIA modified wood

    Stefanowski, B. K., Spear, M., Curling, S., Pitman , A., Bailey, R., Mathias, J., Evans, N., Ayala, L., Theobald, T. & Ormondroyd, G., 9 Sept 2020, p. 177-188. 12 p.

    Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper