Dr James Hardy

Senior Lecturer in Sport & Exercise Science

Contact info

Position: Senior Lecturer, Sport and Exercise Psychology, Deputy Head of School, Research

Email: j.t.hardy@bangor.ac.uk

Phone: (01248) 38 3493

Location: George Building, Normal Site

Video profile:  Click here to view James' video profile

Web: Institute for the Psychology of Elite Performance

  1. Article › Research › Peer-reviewed
  2. Published

    A Closer Look at How Self-Talk Influences Skilled Basketball Performance

    Abdoli, B., Hardy, J., Riyahi, J. F. & Farsi, A., Mar 2018, In: Sport Psychologist. 32, 1, p. 9-15 23 p.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  3. Published

    A comparison of test-retest reliabilities using the self-talk use questionnaire.

    Hardy, J. T., Hardy, J. & Hall, C. R., 1 Jan 2005, In: Journal of Sport Behavior. 28, p. 201-215

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  4. Published

    A description of self-talk in exercise.

    Hardy, J. T., Gammage, K. L., Hardy, J. & Hall, C. R., 1 Oct 2001, In: Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2, 4, p. 233-247

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  5. Published

    A descriptive study of athlete self-talk.

    Hardy, J. T., Hardy, J., Gammage, K. L. & Hall, C., 1 Sept 2001, In: Sport Psychologist. 15, 3, p. 306-318

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  6. Published

    A note on athletes’ use self-talk.

    Hardy, J. T., Hardy, J., Hall, C. R. & Hardy, L., 1 Sept 2004, In: Journal of Applied Sport Psychology. 16, 3, p. 251-257

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  7. Published

    An examination of coach and peer leader behaviours in sport.

    Hardy, J. T., Loughead, T. M. & Hardy, J., 1 May 2005, In: Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 6, 3, p. 303-312

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  8. Published

    Athlete leadership dispersion and satisfaction in interactive sport.

    Hardy, J. T., Eys, M. A., Loughead, T. M. & Hardy, J., 1 May 2007, In: Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 8, 3, p. 281-296

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  9. Published

    Awareness and Motivation to Change Negative Self-Talk.

    Hardy, J. T., Hardy, L. J., Roberts, R. J., Hardy, J., Roberts, R. & Hardy, L., 1 Dec 2009, In: Sport Psychologist. 23, 4, p. 435-450

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  10. Published

    Big Hitters: Important Factors Characterizing Team Effectiveness in Professional Cricket

    Hardy, J. & Hardy, L., 11 Jul 2017, In: Frontiers in Psychology. 8, 1140.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  11. Published

    Bulls in a china shop: Narcissism, intragroup conflict and task cohesion

    Boulter, M. W., Hardy, J., Roberts, R. & Woodman, T., Feb 2022, In: Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 44, 1, p. 23-34 12 p.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  12. Published

    Chunking, conscious processing, and EEG during sequence acquisition and performance pressure: a comprehensive test of reinvestment theory

    Bellomo, E., Cooke, A. & Hardy, J., 1 Jun 2018, In: Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 40, 3, p. 135-145

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  13. Published

    Contextualizing leaders’ interpretations of proactive followership

    Hardy, J. T., Benson, A. & Hardy, B. E., 2016, In: Journal of Organizational Behavior. 37, p. 949-966

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  14. Published

    Do Individual Perceptions of Group Cohesion Reflect Shared Beliefs? An Empirical Analysis.

    Hardy, J. T., Carron, A. V., Brawley, L. R., Eys, M. A., Bray, S., Dorsch, K., Estabrooks, P. A., Hall, C. R., Hardy, J., Hausenblas, H., Madison, R., Paskevich, D., Patterson, M. M., Prapavessis, H., Spink, K. S. & Terry, P. C., 1 Aug 2003, In: Small Group Research. 34, 4, p. 468-496

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  15. Published

    Does communication mediate the athlete leadership to cohesion relationship?

    Hardy, J. T., Hardy, J., Eys, M. A. & Loughead, T. M., 1 Oct 2008, In: International Journal of Sport Psychology. 39, 4, p. 329-345

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  16. Published

    EEG Neurofeedback Improves Cycling Time to Exhaustion

    Mottola, F., Blanchfield, A., Hardy, J. & Cooke, A., Jul 2021, In: Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 55, 101944.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  17. Published

    Effects of Attentional Focus on Skilled Performance in Golf.

    Hardy, J. T., Bell, J. J. & Hardy, J., 1 Apr 2009, In: Journal of Applied Sport Psychology. 21, 2, p. 163-177

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  18. Published

    Effects of self-talk: A systematic review

    Hardy, J. T., Tod, D., Hardy, J. & Oliver, E. J., 1 Oct 2011, In: Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 33, 5, p. 666-687

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  19. Published

    Endorsement and Constructive Criticism of an Innovative Online Reflexive Self-Talk Intervention

    Latinjak, A. T., Hernando-Gimeno, C., Lurido-Mendez, L. & Hardy, J., 6 Aug 2019, In: Frontiers in Psychology. 10, 01819.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  20. Published

    Exploring coaches’ promotion of athlete self-talk.

    Hardy, J. T., Hardy, J. & Hall, C. R., 1 Jan 2006, In: Hellenic Journal of Psychology. 3, p. 150-163

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  21. Published

    Exploring self-talk and affective states in sport.

    Hardy, J. T., Hardy, J., Hall, C. R. & Alexander, M. R., 1 Jul 2001, In: Journal of Sports Sciences. 19, 7, p. 469-475

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  22. Published

    Exploring the potential disadvantages from high cohesion in sports teams.

    Hardy, J. T., Hardy, J., Eys, M. A. & Carron, A. V., 1 Apr 2005, In: Small Group Research. 36, 2, p. 166-187

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  23. Published

    Group norms and their relationship to cohesion in an exercise environment.

    Hardy, J. T., Eys, M. A., Hardy, J. & Patterson, M. M., 1 Jan 2006, In: International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 4, 1, p. 43-56

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  24. Published

    Identifying important practice behaviors for the development of high-level youth athletes: exploring the perspectives of elite coaches.

    Markland, D. A., Hardy, J. T., Oliver, E. J., Hardy, J. & Markland, D., 1 Nov 2010, In: Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 11, 6, p. 433-443

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  25. Published

    Internal and External Focus of Attention in a Novice Form Sport

    Lawrence, G. P., Gottwald, V. M., Hardy, J. & Khan, M. A., Jan 2013, In: Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. 82, 3, p. 431-441

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  26. Published

    Interpretation of self-talk and post-lecture affective states of higher education students: A self-determination theory perspective

    Oliver, E., Markland, D. A. & Hardy, J. T., 1 Jun 2010, In: British Journal of Educational Psychology. 80, 2, p. 307-323

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  27. Published

    It's Good But it's Not Right: Instructional Self-Talk and Skilled Performance

    Hardy, J. T., Hardy, J., Begley, K. & Blanchfield, A. W., 4 Sept 2014, In: Journal of Applied Sport Psychology.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  28. Accepted/In press

    Mapping the Traits Desired in Followers and Leaders onto Fundamental Dimensions of Social Evaluation

    Benson, A., Woodley, H. J. R., Jensen, L. & Hardy, J., 25 Mar 2024, (Accepted/In press) In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  29. Published

    Match and training injury risk in semi-professional rugby union: a four-year study

    Evans, S., Davis, O. E., Jones, E. S., Hardy, J. & Owen, J., 3 May 2022, In: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 25, 5, p. 379-384

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  30. Published

    Measurement of Transformational Leadership and its Relationship with Team Cohesion and Performance Level.

    Hardy, J. T., Hardy, L. J., Callow, N., Smith, M. J., Hardy, L., Arthur, C. A. & Hardy, J., 1 Oct 2009, In: Journal of Applied Sport Psychology. 21, 4, p. 395-412

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  31. Published

    Mind and body: Psychophysiological profiles of instructional and motivational self-talk

    Bellomo, E., Cooke, A., Gallicchio, G., Ring, C. & Hardy, J., Sept 2020, In: Psychophysiology. 57, 9, e13586.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  32. Published

    Non-Participation: How Age Influences Inactive Women's Views of Exercise

    Hardy, J. T., Milne, M., Divine, A., Hall, C., Gregg, M. & Hardy, J., 3 Sept 2014, In: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research. 19, 3, p. 171-191

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  33. Published

    Non-conscious visual cues related to affect and action alter perception of effort and endurance performance

    Hardy, J. T., Marcora, S. M., Blanchfield, A. W., Hardy, J. & Marcora, A., 11 Dec 2014, In: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 8

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  34. Published

    Noncontact injury distribution and relationship with preseason training load and non-modifiable risk factors in Rugby Union players across multiple seasons

    Evans, S., Whittaker, G., Davis, O. E., Jones, E., Hardy, J. & Owen, J., Jul 2023, In: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 37, 7, p. 1456-1462 7 p.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  35. Published

    Nothing unfortunate about disagreements in sport self-talk research: Reply to Van Raalte, Vincent, Dickens, and Brewer (2019).

    Latinjak, A. T., Comoutos, N., Hardy, J. & Hatzigeorgiadis, A., Nov 2019, In: Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology. 8, 4, p. 379-386

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  36. Published

    Perceptions of team cohesion and athletes' use of imagery.

    Hardy, J. T., Hardy, J., Hall, C. R. & Carron, A. V., 1 Apr 2003, In: International Journal of Sport Psychology. 34, 2, p. 151-167

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  37. Published

    Practitioners’ Narratives Regarding Active Ingredients in Service Delivery: Collaboration Based Problem Solving

    Tod, D., Hardy, J., Lavallee, D., Eubank, M. & Ronkainen, N., Jul 2019, In: Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 43, July, p. 350-358

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  38. Published

    Psychological skills and “the Paras”: The indirect effects of psychological skills on endurance

    Arthur, R., Fitzwater, J., Roberts, R., Hardy, J. & Arthur, C., Oct 2017, In: Journal of Applied Sport Psychology. 29, 4, p. 449-465

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  39. Published

    Quantifying athlete self-talk

    Hardy, J., Hall, C. R. & Hardy, L. J., 1 Sept 2005, In: Journal of Sports Sciences. 23, 9, p. 905-917

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  40. Published

    Relative age effect? No “flipping” way! Nuanced evidence of an apparatus dependent inverse relative age effect, in elite women’s artistic gymnastics

    Langham-Walsh, E., Gottwald, V. & Hardy, J., 28 Jun 2021, In: PLoS ONE. 16, 6, e0253656.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  41. E-pub ahead of print

    Self-Talk: An Interdisciplinary Review and Transdisciplinary Model

    Latinjak, A. T., Morin, A., Brinthaupt, T. M., Hardy, J., Hatzigeorgiadis, A., Kendall, P. C., Neck, C., Oliver, E., Puchalska-Wasyl, M. M., Tovares, A. V. & Winsler, A., 6 Jun 2023, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Review of General Psychology.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  42. Published

    Speaking clearly … 10 years on: The case for an integrative perspective of self-talk in sport

    Latinjak, A. T., Hatzigeorgiadis, A., Comoutos, N. & Hardy, J., 1 Nov 2019, In: Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology. 8, 4, p. 353-367

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  43. Published

    Speaking clearly: A critical review of the self-talk literature.

    Hardy, J. T. & Hardy, J., 1 Jan 2006, In: Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 7, 1, p. 81-97

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  44. Published

    Talking yourself out of exhaustion: the effects of self-talk on endurance performance

    Hardy, J. T., Blanchfield, A. W., Hardy, J., De Morree, H. M., Staiano, W. & Marcora, S. M., 1 May 2014, In: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 46, 5, p. 998-1007

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  45. Published

    The effects of autonomy-supportive versus controlling environments on self-talk.

    Markland, D. A., Hardy, J. T., Oliver, E. J., Markland, D., Hardy, J. & Petherick, C. M., 1 Sept 2008, In: Motivation and Emotion. 32, 3, p. 200-212

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  46. Published

    The nature of athlete leadership.

    Hardy, J. T., Loughead, T. M., Hardy, J. & Eys, M. A., 1 Jan 2006, In: Journal of Sport Behavior. 29, p. 142-158

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  47. Published

    The relationship between commitment and exercise behavior.

    Hardy, J. T., Wilson, P. M., Rodgers, W. M., Carpenter, P. J., Hall, C., Hardy, J. & Fraser, S. N., 1 Oct 2004, In: Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 5, 4, p. 405-421

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  48. Published

    The relationship between task cohesion and competitive state anxiety.

    Hardy, J. T., Eys, M. A., Hardy, J., Carron, A. V. & Beauchamp, M. R., 1 Jan 2003, In: Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 25, 1, p. 66-76

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  49. Accepted/In press

    Thirty years of longitudinal talent development research: A systematic review and meta-aggregation

    Lawrence, G., Dunn, E., Gottwald, V., Oliver, S., Roberts, R., Hardy, J. & Woodman, T., 16 Jan 2024, (Accepted/In press) In: International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  50. Published

    To me, to you: How you say things matters for endurance performance

    Hardy, J., Thomas, A. V. & Blanchfield, A. W., 17 Sept 2019, In: Journal of Sports Sciences. 37, 18, p. 2122-2130

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  51. Published

    Transformational Leadership and Task Cohesion in Sport: The Mediating Role of Inside Sacrifice

    Cronin, L. D., Arthur, C. A., Hardy, J. T. & Callow, N., 1 Feb 2015, In: Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 37, p. 23-36

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  52. Published

    Transformational leadership and task cohesion in sport: The mediating role of intrateam communication

    Smith, M. J., Arthur, C. A., Hardy, J., Callow, N. & Williams, D., Mar 2013, In: Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 14, 2, p. 249-257

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  53. Published

    Upsetting the apple cart: Within-team profiles of intragroup conflict and their associations with narcissism

    Boulter, M. W., Roberts, R. & Hardy, J., 1 Nov 2022, In: Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 63, 102291.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  54. Published

    Using Consensus as a Criterion for Groupness: Implications for the Cohesion-Group Success Relationship.

    Hardy, J. T., Carron, A. V., Brawley, L. R., Bray, S. R., Eys, M. A., Dorsch, K. D., Estabrooks, P. A., Hall, C. R., Hardy, J., Hausenblas, H., Madison, R., Paskevich, D. M., Patterson, M. M., Prapavessis, H., Spink, K. S. & Terry, P. C., 1 Aug 2004, In: Small Group Research. 35, 4, p. 466-491

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  55. Published

    Valued Insight or Act of Insubordination? How Context Shapes Coaches’ Perceptions of Challenge-oriented Followership

    Gottlieb, M., Eys, M., Hardy, J. & Benson, A. J., 1 Dec 2021, In: Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 43, 6, p. 488-496 9 p.

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

  56. Chapter › Research › Not peer-reviewed
  57. Published

    A cohesion review.

    Hardy, J. T., Loughead, T. M., Hardy, J., Hanton, S. (ed.) & Mellalieu, S. D. (ed.), 1 Jan 2006, Literature Reviews in Sport Psychology. 2006 ed. Nova Biomedical

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter

  58. Published

    A framework for the study and application of self-talk within sport.

    Hardy, J. T., Hardy, J., Oliver, E., Tod, D., Mellalieu, S. D. (ed.) & Hanton, S. (ed.), 1 Jan 2009, Advances in Applied Sport Psychology. 2009 ed. Routledge, p. 37-74

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter

  59. Chapter › Research › Peer-reviewed
  60. Published

    Personality and team effectiveness

    Hardy, J., Benson, A. J. & Boulter, M., Apr 2020, The Routledge International Encyclopedia of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 1 ed. Routledge, Vol. 1. p. 426-438

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapterpeer-review

  61. Conference contribution › Research › Not peer-reviewed
  62. Published

    Initial steps in the validation of the athlete development formulation survey

    Langham-Walsh, E., Anderson, D., Dunn, E., Gottwald, V., Hardy, J., Hardy, L., Lawrence, G., Lowery, M., Oliver, S., Roberts, R. & Woodman, T., 2019, Journal of Exercise, Movement, and Sport (SCAPPS refereed abstracts repository). p. 115

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contribution

  63. Published

    Relative age effect? No" flipping" way: Exploring the relative age effect in elite, female gymnastics

    Langham-Walsh, E., Gottwald, V. & Hardy, J., 2019, Journal of Exercise, Movement, and Sport (SCAPPS refereed abstracts repository). p. 116

    Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contribution

  64. Paper › Research › Not peer-reviewed
  65. Published

    Effect of self-talk on self-efficacy.

    Hardy, J. T., Hardy, J., Kirkman, D. & Wright, M., 1 Jan 2008.

    Research output: Contribution to conferencePaper

  66. Published

    How to cope with Statistics Lectures and other stressors? Examining links between self-talk and affect.

    Hardy, J. T., Oliver, E. J., Markland, D. & Hardy, J., 1 Jan 2008.

    Research output: Contribution to conferencePaper

  67. Published

    Self-talk can mediate the effects of Autonomy-supportive and Controlling environments on motivational state.

    Hardy, J. T., Oliver, E. J., Markland, D. & Hardy, J., 1 Jan 2008.

    Research output: Contribution to conferencePaper

  68. Paper › Research › Peer-reviewed
  69. Published

    Get in the endurance zone! EEG neurofeedback improves cycling time to exhaustion

    Mottola, F., Blanchfield, A., Hardy, J. & Cooke, A., Jul 2019.

    Research output: Contribution to conferencePaperpeer-review

  70. Poster › Research › Not peer-reviewed
  71. Unpublished

    A Prospective Study of The Developmental Biographies of Great British Pathway Athletes: Pathway to Podium

    Dunn, E., Langham-Walsh, E., Lowery, M., Hardy, L., Lawrence, G., Gottwald, V., Hardy, J., Oliver, S. & Roberts, R., 8 Jun 2018, (Unpublished).

    Research output: Contribution to conferencePoster

  72. Published
  73. Poster › Research › Peer-reviewed
  74. Published

    Preliminary Validation of the Athlete Development Formulation Survey (ADFS)

    Dunn, E., Anderson, D., Langham-Walsh, E., Lowery, M., Hardy, L., Lawrence, G., Woodman, T., Gottwald, V., Hardy, J., Roberts, R. & Oliver, S., 18 Oct 2019.

    Research output: Contribution to conferencePosterpeer-review

  75. Published

    Relative Age Effect? No "Flipping" Way! Exploring the Relative Age Effect in Women's Artistic Gymnastics.

    Langham-Walsh, E., Gottwald, V. & Hardy, J., 18 Oct 2019, p. 204.

    Research output: Contribution to conferencePosterpeer-review

  76. Web publication/site › Research
  77. Published

    Self-talk and gross motor skill performance: An experimental approach?

    Hardy, J. T., Hardy, J., Hall, C. R., Gibbs, C. & Greenslade, C., 1 Jul 2005

    Research output: Non-textual formWeb publication/site