Professor Gareth Williams
Professor / Director of Impact and Engagement

Contact info
Room: 303 Craig Mair Phone: +44(0)1248 382588
E-mail: g.j.williams@bangor.ac.uk Twitter
I graduated in Marine Biology (University of Liverpool) in 2004 and completed an MSc in Marine Environmental Protection (Bangor University) in 2006. I began a PhD in Marine Biology (Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand) in 2007 in coral disease ecology, combining macroecology, experimental ecology, and histopathology to identify disease baselines and drivers of disease prevalence on Pacific coral reefs. A focus study site of mine was Palmyra Atoll, an uninhabited atoll in the Northern Line Islands. After obtaining my PhD in 2011, I was awarded a post-doctoral scholarship at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego (UCSD) where I continued to work on the macroecology of Pacific coral reefs. This role at Scripps transitioned into an Assistant Project Scientist position within the Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation in 2013. I left Scripps in late 2015 to return to the UK and take up my full-time role within the School of Ocean Sciences at Bangor University.
I am a marine ecologist specialising in coral reef ecology. My work focuses on the interaction of organisms with their environment, often taking a macroecological approach. I am particularly interested in how human activities and natural biophysical gradients interact to drive community patterns across multiple trophic levels (microbes to sharks) and scales (individual reefs to entire ocean basins). Much of my work incorporates remote coral reefs free from direct human impact, providing key replication at the unimpacted end of an intact-to-degraded ecosystem spectrum. By surveying across extensive geographical areas we address broad questions pertaining to: 1. the human, climatic and oceanographic drivers of coral reef ecosystem structure and function, 2. climate change impacts to coral reef ecosystems, 3. the spatial ecology of coral reefs, and 4. disease dynamics on coral reefs.
Research Areas
- Cyhoeddwyd
Influence of local environmental variables on the viral consortia associated with the coral Montipora capitata from Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii, USA
Lawrence, S. A., Wilkinson, S. P., Davy, J. E., Arlidge, W. N., Williams, G. J., Wilson, W. H., Aeby, G. S. & Davy, S. K., 24 Maw 2015, Yn: Aquatic Microbial Ecology. 74, t. 251-262Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Spatial and temporal scales of coral reef fish ecological research and management: a systematic map protocol
Lawrence, A., Heenan, A., Levine, A., Haddaway, N., Powell, F., Wedding, L., Roche, R., Lawrence, P., Szostek, C., Ford, H., Southworth, L., Sannassy Pilly, J., Richardson, L. & Williams, G. J., 25 Ion 2021, Yn: Environmental Evidence. 10, 3.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Assessing relative resilience potential of coral reefs to inform management
Maynard, J. A., McKagan, S., Raymundo, L., Johnson, S., Ahmadia, G. N., Johnston, L., Houk, P., Williams, G., Kendall, M., Heron, S. F., van Hooidonk, R., Mcleod, E., Tracey, D. & Planes, S., 1 Rhag 2015, Yn: Biological Conservation. 192, December, t. 109-119Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Projections of climate conditions that increase coral disease susceptibility and pathogen abundance and virulence
Maynard, J., van Hooidonk, R., Eakin, C. M., Puotinen, M., Garren, M., Williams, G. J., Heron, S. F., Lamb, J., Weil, E., Willis, B. & Hervell, C. D., 4 Mai 2015, Yn: Nature Climate Change. 5, t. 688-694Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Improving marine disease surveillance through sea temperature monitoring, outlooks and projections
Maynard, J., van Hooidonk, R., Harvell, C. D., Eakin, C. M., Liu, G., Willis, B. L., Williams, G., Groner, M. L., Dobson, A., Heron, S. F., Glenn, R., Reardon, K. & Shields, J. D., 5 Maw 2016, Yn: Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 371, 1689Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Positive and Negative Effects of a Threatened Parrotfish on Reef Ecosystems
McCauley, D. J., Young, H. S., Guevara, R., Williams, G. J., Power, E. A., Dunbar, R. B., Bird, D. W., Durham, W. H. & Micheli, F., 26 Gorff 2014, Yn: Conservation Biology. 28, 5, t. 1312-1321Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Possible control of acute outbreaks of a marine fungal pathogen by nominally herbivorous tropical reef fish
Neal, B., Honisch, B., Warrender, T., Williams, G. J., Work, T. & Price, N., 12 Gorff 2020, Yn: Oecologia. 193, 3, t. 603-617Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Guiding coral reef futures in the Anthropocene
Norstrom, A. V., Nystrom, M., Jouffray, J.-B., Folke, C., Graham, N. A. J., Moberg, F., Olsson, P. & Williams, G., 1 Tach 2016, Yn: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
A robust operational model for predicting where tropical cyclone waves damage coral reefs
Puotinen, M., Maynard, J. A., Beeden, R., Radford, B. & Williams, G., Mai 2017, Yn: Scientific Reports. 6, 26009.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Environmental Factors Affecting Large-Bodied Coral Reef Fish Assemblages in the Mariana Archipelago
Richards, B. L., Williams, I. D., Vetter, O. J. & Williams, G. J., 27 Chwef 2012, Yn: PLoS ONE. 7, 2, e31374.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Local human impacts disrupt depth-dependent zonation of tropical reef fish communities
Richardson, L., Heenan, A., Delargy, A., Neubauer, P., Lecky, J., Gove, J. M., Green, M., Kindinger, T., Ingeman, K. & Williams, G. J., Tach 2023, Yn: Nature Ecology and Evolution. 7, 11, t. 1844-1855 12 t.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Linking variation in planktonic primary production to coral reef fish growth and condition
Roche, R., Heenan, A., Taylor, B. M., Schwarz, J. N., Fox, M. D., Southworth, L., Williams, G. & Turner, J., 31 Awst 2022, Yn: Royal Society Open Science. 9, 8, t. 201012 201012.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Towards Developing a Mechanistic Understanding of Coral Reef Resilience to Thermal Stress Across Multiple Scales
Roche, R., Williams, G. & Turner, J., Maw 2018, Yn: Current Climate Change Reports. 4, 1, t. 51-64 D 87.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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High frequency temperature variability reduces the risk of coral bleaching
Safaie, A., Silbiger, N. J., McClanahan, T. R., Pawlak, G., Barshis, D. J., Hench, J. L., Rogers, J. S., Williams, G. & Davis, K. A., 2018, Yn: Nature Communications. 9, 1671.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Modelling the linkage between coral assemblage structure and pattern of environmental forcing
Sandin, S. A., Eynaud, Y., Williams, G. J., Edwards, C. & McNamara, D., 14 Hyd 2020, Yn: Royal Society Open Science. 7, 10, 200565.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Co-occurrence of herbivorous fish functional groups correlates with enhanced coral reef benthic state
Sheppard, C., Williams, G. J., Exton, D. & Keith, S., Maw 2023, Yn: Global Ecology and Biogeography. 32, 3, t. 435-449 15 t.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Variation in farming damselfish behaviour creates a competitive landscape of risk on coral reefs
Sheppard, C., Bostrom-Einarsson, L., Williams, G. J., Exton, D. & Keith, S., 29 Mai 2024, Yn: Biology Letters. 20, 5Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Influence of upwelling on coral reef benthic communities: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Spring, D. & Williams, G. J., 29 Maw 2023, Yn: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 290, 1995, t. 20230023 1 t.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Disease dynamics of Porites bleaching with tissue loss: prevalence, virulence, transmission, and environmental drivers
Sudek, M., Williams, G. J., Runyon, C., Aeby, G. S. & Davy, S. K., 10 Chwef 2015, Yn: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 113, 1, t. 59-68Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Metagenomic covariation along densely sampled environmental gradients in the Red Sea
Thompson, L. R., Williams, G., Haroon, M. F., Shibl, A., Larsen, P., Shorenstein, J., Knight, R. & Stingl, U., Ion 2017, Yn: ISME Journal. 11, t. 138-151Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Red Sea SAR11 and Prochlorococcus Single-cell Genomes Reflect Globally Distributed Pangenomes
Thompson, L. R., Haroon, M. F., Shibl, A. A., Cahill, M. J., Ngugi, D. K., Williams, G. J., Morton, J. T., Knight, R., Goodwin, K. D. & Stingl, U., Gorff 2019, Yn: Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 85, 13, e00369-19.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Precision and cost-effectiveness of bioindicators to estimate nutrient regimes on coral reefs
Vaughan, E. J., Wynn, P. M., Wilson, S. K., Williams, G. J., Barker, P. A. & Graham, N. A. J., Medi 2021, Yn: Marine Pollution Bulletin. 170, 112606.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Nitrogen enrichment in macroalgae following mass coral mortality
Vaughan, E., Wilson, S., Howlett, S., Parravicini, V., Williams, G. J. & Graham, N. A. J., 12 Ebr 2021, Yn: Coral Reefs.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Regional reef fish assemblage maps provide baseline biogeography for tropicalization monitoring
Walker, B., Becker, D., Williams, G. J., Kilfoyle, A., Smith, S. & Kozachuk, A., 3 Ebr 2024, Yn: Scientific Reports. 14, 1, t. 7893 7893.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Advancing the integration of spatial data to map human and natural drivers on coral reefs
Wedding, L., Lecky, J., Gove, J., Walecka, H., Donovan, M., Williams, G., Jouffray, J.-B., Crowder, L., Erickson, A., Falinski, K., Friedlander, A., Kappel, C., Kittinger, J., McCoy, K., Norstrom, A., Nystrom, M., Oleson, K., Stamoulis, K., White, C. & Selkoe, K., 1 Maw 2018, Yn: PLoS ONE. :e0189792.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Benthic communities at two remote Pacific coral reefs: effects of reef habitat, depth, and wave energy gradients on spatial patterns
Williams, G. J., Smith, J. E., Conklin, E. J., Gove, J. M., Sala, E. & Sandin, S. A., 28 Mai 2013, Yn: PeerJ. 1, e81.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Modeling patterns of coral bleaching at a remote Central Pacific atoll
Williams, G. J., Knapp, I. S., Maragos, J. E. & Davy, S. K., Medi 2010, Yn: Marine Pollution Bulletin. 60, 9, t. 1467-1476Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Spatial and temporal patterns of scleractinian coral, soft coral, and zoanthid disease on a remote, near-pristine coral reef (Palmyra Atoll, central Pacific)
Williams, G. J., Knapp, I. S., Aeby, G. S. & Davy, S. K., 6 Ebr 2011, Yn: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 94, 2, t. 89-100Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Ocean warming and acidification have complex interactive effects on the dynamics of a marine fungal disease
Williams, G. J., Price, N. N., Ushijima, B., Aeby, G. S., Callahan, S., Davy, S. K., Gove, J. M., Johnson, M. D., Knapp, I. S., Shore-Maggio, A., Smith, J. E., Videau, P. & Work, T. M., 7 Maw 2014, Yn: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 281, 1778Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Coral reef ecology in the Anthropocene
Williams, G. J., Graham, N. A. J., Jouffray, J.-B., Norstrom, A. V., Nystrom, M., Gove, J. M., Heenan, A. & Wedding, L. M., Meh 2019, Yn: Functional Ecology. 33, 6, t. 1014-1022Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Outbreak of Acropora white syndrome following a mild bleaching event at Palmyra Atoll, Northern Line Islands, Central Pacific
Williams, G., Knapp, I. S., Work, T. M. & Conklin, E. J., Medi 2011, Yn: Coral Reefs. 30, 3, t. 621-621Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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First record of coralline fungal disease (CFD) in the Indian Ocean
Williams, G., Roche, R. & Turner, J., 4 Meh 2018, Yn: Coral Reefs. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-018-1704-z , 1 t.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Gross and microscopic morphology of lesions in Cnidaria from Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific
Williams, G. J., Work, T. M., Aeby, G. S., Knapp, I. S. & Davy, S. K., Chwef 2011, Yn: Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 106, 2, t. 165-173Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Proximate environmental drivers of coral communities at Palmyra Atoll: Establishing baselines prior to removing a WWII military causeway
Williams, G. J., Knapp, I. S., Maragos, J. E. & Davy, S. K., Awst 2011, Yn: Marine Pollution Bulletin. 62, 8, t. 1842-1851Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Contrasting recovery following removal of growth anomalies in the corals Acropora and Montipora
Williams, G. J., 11 Hyd 2013, Yn: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 106, 2, t. 181-185Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Predictive Modeling of Coral Disease Distribution within a Reef System
Williams, G. J., Aeby, G. S., Cowie, R. O. M. & Davy, S. K., 17 Chwef 2010, Yn: PLoS ONE. 5, 2, e9264.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Rethinking coral reef functional futures
Williams, G. J. & Graham, N. A. J., 7 Meh 2019, Yn: Functional Ecology. 33, 6, t. 942-947Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Golygyddiad › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Local human impacts decouple natural biophysical relationships on Pacific coral reefs
Williams, G. J., Gove, J. M., Eynaud, Y., Zgliczynski, B. J. & Sandin, S. A., 28 Chwef 2015, Yn: Ecography. 38, 8, t. 751-761Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Coral disease at Palmyra Atoll, a remote reef system in the Central Pacific
Williams, G., Aeby, G. S. & Davy, S. K., Maw 2008, Yn: Coral Reefs. 27, 1, t. 207-207Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Quantitative characterisation of reef fish diversity among nearshore habitats in a northeastern New Zealand marine reserve.
Williams, G. J., Cameron, M. J., Turner, J. R. & Ford, R. B., 1 Maw 2008, Yn: New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 42, 1, t. 33-46Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Biophysical drivers of coral trophic depth zonation
Williams, G., Sandin, S. A., Zgliczynski , B. J., Fox, M., Gove, J. M., Rogers, J. S., Furby, K., Hartmann, A., Caldwell, Z. R., Price, N. & Smith, J. E., Ebr 2018, Yn: Marine Biology. 165, 60.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
- Cyhoeddwyd
Coral reef ecosystem services in the Anthropocene
Woodhead, A. J., Hicks, C. C., Norstrom, A. V., Williams, G. J. & Graham, N. A. J., Meh 2019, Yn: Functional Ecology. 33, 6, t. 1023-1034Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Foraging consistency of coral reef fishes across environmental gradients in the central Pacific
Zgliczynski , B. J., Williams, G., Hamilton, S., Cordner, E., Fox, M., Eynaud, Y., Michene, R., Kaufman, L. & Sandin, S. A., Hyd 2019, Yn: Oecologia. 191, 2, t. 433-445Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid
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Local-scale projections of coral reef futures and implications of the Paris Agreement
van Hooidonk, R., Maynard, J. A., Tamelander, J., Gove, J. M., Ahmadia, G. N., Raymundo, L., Williams, G., Heron, S. F. & Planes, S., Rhag 2016, Yn: Scientific Reports. 6, 39666.Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolyn › Erthygl › adolygiad gan gymheiriaid