[Pre-Aug 2018] Ysgol Nyrsio, Bydwreigiaeth ac Astudiaethau Iechyd

  1. Erthygl › Ymchwil › Adolygwyd gan gymheiriaid
  2. Cyhoeddwyd

    Goal-orientated cognitive rehabilitation for dementias associated with Parkinson’s disease- a pilot randomised controlled trial.

    Hindle, J., Watermeyer, T., Brand, A., Roberts, J., Hoare, Z., Martyr, A. & Clare, L., Mai 2018, Yn: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 33, 5, t. 718-728

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  3. Cyhoeddwyd

    Gweld y Gair: Standardisation and clinical application of a Welsh language measure for estimation of premorbid intellectual functioning

    Clare, L., Toms, G., Thomas, E., Hindle, J. & Woods, R., 31 Gorff 2017, Yn: FPOP Bulletin. 139

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  4. Cyhoeddwyd

    Health and social exclusion in older age: Evidence from Understanding Society, the UK Household Longitudinal Study

    Sacker, A., Ross, A., MacLeod, C., Netuveli, G. & Windle, G., Gorff 2017, Yn: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 71, 7, t. 681-690 10 t.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  5. Cyhoeddwyd

    Health professionals’ perceptions of the effects of exercise on joint health in rheumatoid arthritis patients

    Halls, S., Law, R-J., Jones, J., Markland, D., Maddison, P. & Thom, J., Medi 2017, Yn: Musculoskeletal Care. 15, 3, t. 196-209 14 t.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  6. Cyhoeddwyd

    High-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity steady-state training in UK cardiac rehabilitation programmes (HIIT or MISS UK): study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation

    McGregor, G., Nichols, S., Hamborg, T., Bryning, L., Edwards, R., Markland, D., Mercer, J., Birkett, S., Ennis, S., Powell, R., Begg, B., Haykowsky, M., Banerjee, P., Ingle, L., Shave, R. & Backx, K., 18 Tach 2016, Yn: BMJ Open. 6, 11, t. 1-9 9 t., 6:e012843.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  7. Cyhoeddwyd

    Hip fracture in the elderly multidisciplinary rehabilitation (FEMuR) feasibility study: testing the use of routinely collected data for future health economic evaluations

    Williams, N., Mawdesley, K., Roberts, J., Din, N., Totton, N., Charles, J., Hoare, Z. & Edwards, R., 7 Mai 2018, Yn: Pilot and Feasibility Studies. 4, 76.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  8. Cyhoeddwyd

    How and why does capitation affect General Dental Practitioner behaviour? A Rapid Realist Review

    Lloyd- Godwin, T., Brocklehurst, P., Williams, L. & Hall, H., Hyd 2018, Yn: British Journal of Health Care Management. 24, 10, t. 505-513

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  9. Cyhoeddwyd

    How do we incorporate patient views into the design of health-care services for older people: a discussion paper

    Brocklehurst, P., McKenna, G., Schimmel, M., Kossioni, A., Jerković-Ćosić, K., Hayes, M., da Mata, C. & Muller, F., 6 Ebr 2018, Yn: BMC Oral Health. 18, 61.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  10. Cyhoeddwyd

    How to design a Randomised Controlled Trial

    Brocklehurst, P. & Hoare, Z., Mai 2017, Yn: British Dental Journal. 222, t. 721-726

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  11. Cyhoeddwyd

    ICONS: Identifying Continence OptioNs after Stroke: An evidence synthesis, case study and exploratory cluster randomised controlled trial of the introduction of a systematic voiding programme for patients with urinary incontinence after stroke in secondary care

    Thomas, L. H., French, B., Sutton, C. J., Forshaw, D., Leathley, M. J., Burton, C., Roe, B., Cheater, F., Booth, J., McColl, E., Carter, B., Walker, A., Brittain, K., Whiteley, G., Rodgers, H., Barrett, J. & Watkins, C., Maw 2015, Yn: Programme Grants for Applied Research. 3, 1

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  12. Cyhoeddwyd

    Immediate chest X-ray for patients at risk of lung cancer presenting in primary care: randomised controlled feasibility trial

    Neal, R., Barham, A., Bongard, E., Edwards, R., Fitzgibbon, J., Griffiths, G., Willie, H., Hood, K., Parker, D., Porter, C., Prout, H., Roberts, K., Rogers, T., Thomas-Jones, E., Tod, A., Yeo, S. T. & Hurt, C., 31 Ion 2017, Yn: British Journal of Cancer. 116, 3, t. 293-302 10 t.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  13. Cyhoeddwyd

    Impact of Antipsychotic Review and Nonpharmacological InterventiononAntipsychotic Use, Neuropsychiatric Symptoms, and Mortality in People With Dementia Living in Nursing Homes: A Factorial Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial by the Well-Being and Health for People With Dementia (WHELD) Program

    Ballard, C., Orrell, M., Zhong, S. Y., Moniz-Cook, E., Stafford, J., Whittaker, R., Woods, B., Corbett, A., Garrod, L., Khan, Z., Woodward-Carlton, B., Wenborb, J. & Fossey, J., Maw 2016, Yn: American Journal of Psychiatry. 173, 3, t. 252-262

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  14. Cyhoeddwyd

    Impact of antipsychotic review and non-pharmacological intervention on health-related quality of life in people with dementia living in care homes: WHELD—a factorial cluster randomised controlled trial

    Ballard, C., Orrell, M., Sun, Y., Moniz-Cook, E., Stafford, J., Whitaker, R., Woods, R., Corbett, A., Banerjee, S., Testad, I., Garrod, L., Khan, Z., Woodward-Carlton, B., Wenborn, J. & Fossey, J., Hyd 2017, Yn: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 32, 10, t. 1094-1103

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  15. Cyhoeddwyd

    Impact of non-adherence and flare resolution on the cost effectiveness of treatments for gout: Application of a linked pharmacometric/pharmacoeconomic model

    Hill-McManus, D., Marshall, S., Soto, E., Lane, S. & Hughes, D., Rhag 2018, Yn: Value in Health. 21, 12, t. 1373-1381

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  16. Cyhoeddwyd

    Impact of non-adherence on the safety and efficacy of uric acid lowering therapies in the treatment of gout

    Hill McManus, D., Soto, E., Marshall, S., Lane, S. & Hughes, D., Ion 2018, Yn: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 84, 1, t. 142-152

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  17. Cyhoeddwyd

    Impact of person-centred thinking and personal budgets in mental health services: reporting a UK pilot

    Coyle, D. S., 1 Tach 2011, Yn: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. 18, 9, t. 796-803

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  18. Cyhoeddwyd

    Impact of place of residence on place of death in Wales: An observational study

    Ziwary, S. R., Samad, S., Johnson, C. D. & Edwards, R., 12 Rhag 2017, Yn: BMC Palliative Care. 16, 1, t. 72-77 6 t.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  19. Cyhoeddwyd

    Impact on the phased abolition of co-payments on the utilisation of selected prescription medicines in Wales

    Alam, M. F., Cohen, D., Dunstan, F., Hughes, D. & Routledge, P. A., Ion 2018, Yn: Health Economics. 27, 1, t. 236-243

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  20. Cyhoeddwyd

    Implementation and trial evidence: A plea for fore-thought

    Brocklehurst, P., Williams, L., Burton, C., Goodwin, T. & Rycroft-Malone, J., 10 Maw 2017, Yn: British Dental Journal. 222, t. 331-335

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  21. Cyhoeddwyd

    Implementing a Systematic Voiding Program for Patients With Urinary Incontinence After Stroke

    ICONS Project Team, Awst 2016, Yn: Qualitative Health Research. 26, 10, t. 1393-1408 16 t.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  22. Cyhoeddwyd

    Implementing best practice in infection prevention and control: A realist evaluation of the role of intermediaries

    Williams, L., Rycroft-Malone, J. & Burton, C., Awst 2016, Yn: International Journal of Nursing Studies. 60, t. 156-167

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  23. Cyhoeddwyd

    Impregnated central venous catheters for prevention of bloodstream infection in children (the CATCH trial): a randomised controlled trial

    Gilbert, R. E., Mok, Q., Dwan, K., Harron, K., Moitt, T., Millar, M., Ramnarayan, P., Tibby, S. M., Hughes, D. & Gamble, C. F., 23 Ebr 2016, Yn: The Lancet. 387, 10029, t. 1732-1742

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  24. Cyhoeddwyd

    Improved Adenoma Detection with Endocuff Vision: The ADENOMA Randomised Controlled Trial

    Ngu, W. S., Bevan, R., Tsiamoulos, Z. P., Bassett, P., Hoare, Z., Rutter, M. D., Clifford, G., Totton, N., Lee, T. J., Ramadas, A., Silcock, J. G., Painter, J., Neilson, L. J., Saunders, B. P. & Rees, C. J., Chwef 2019, Yn: GUT . 68, 2, t. 280-288

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  25. Cyhoeddwyd

    Improving Skills and Care Standards in the Support Workforce for Older People: A Realist Synthesis of Workforce Development Interventions

    Williams, L., Rycroft-Malone, J., Burton, C., Edwards, S., Fisher, D., Hall, H., McCormack, B., Nutley, S., Seddon, D. & Williams, R., 30 Ebr 2016, Yn: Health Services and Delivery Research. 4.12

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  26. Cyhoeddwyd

    Improving access to CPD for nurses: the uptake of online provision

    Ousey, K. & Roberts, D., 2013, Yn: British Journal of Community Nursing. 18, 2, t. 78-84

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  27. Cyhoeddwyd

    Improving skills and care standards in the support workforce for older people: a realist synthesis of workforce development interventions

    Williams, L., Rycroft-Malone, J., Burton, C. R., Edwards, S., Fisher, D., Hall, B., McCormack, B., Nutley, S. M., Seddon, D. & Williams, R., 31 Gorff 2016, Yn: BMJ Open. 6, 8

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  28. Cyhoeddwyd

    Improving the experience of dementia and enhancing active life--living well with dementia: study protocol for the IDEAL study

    Clare, L., Nelis, S. M., Quinn, C., Martyr, A., Henderson, C., Hindle, J. V., Jones, I. R., Jones, R. W., Knapp, M., Kopelman, M. D., Morris, R. G., Pickett, J. A., Rusted, J. M., Savitch, N. M., Thom, J. M. & Victor, C. R., 30 Tach 2014, Yn: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 12, t. 164

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  29. Cyhoeddwyd

    Increasing informed uptake and non-uptake of screening: evidence from a systematic review

    Jepson, R., Forbes, C., Sowden, A. & Lewis, R., 25 Meh 2001, Yn: Health Expectations. 4, 2, t. 116-130

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  30. Cyhoeddwyd

    Individual cognitive stimulation therapy for dementia: a clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness pragmatic, multicentre, randomised controlled trial

    Orgeta, V., Leung, P., Yates, L., Kang, S., Hoare, Z. S., Henderson, C., Whitaker, C., Burns, A., Knapp, M., Leroi, I., Moniz-Cook, E. D., Pearson, S., Simpson, S., Spector, A., Roberts, S., Russell, I. T., de Waal, H., Woods, R. T. & Orrell, M., 1 Awst 2015, Yn: Health Technology Assessment. 19, 64

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  31. Cyhoeddwyd

    Innovation at the Intersection of Clinical Trials and Real-World Data Science to Advance Patient Care

    Swift, B., Jain, L., White, C., Chandrasekaran, V., Bhandari, A., Hughes, D. & Jadhav, P., Medi 2018, Yn: Clinical and Translational Science. 11, 5, t. 450-460 11 t.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  32. Cyhoeddwyd

    Intervention Now to Eliminate Repeat Unintended Pregnancy in Teenagers (INTERUPT): a systematic review of intervention effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, and qualitative and realist synthesis of implementation factors and user engagement

    Aslam, R. W., Hendry, M., Booth, A., Carter, B., Charles, J. M., Craine, N., Edwards, R. T., Noyes, J., Ntambwe, L. I., Pasterfield, D., Rycroft-Malone, J., Williams, N. & Whitaker, R., 15 Awst 2017, Yn: BMC Medicine. 15, 1, t. 155

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  33. Cyhoeddwyd

    Intervention Now to Eliminate Repeat Unintended Pregnancy in Teenagers (INTERUPT): a systematic review of intervention effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, and qualitative and realist synthesis of implementation factors and user engagement

    Whitaker, R., Hendry, M., Aslam, R., Booth, A., Carter, B., Charles, J., Craine, N., Edwards, R., Noyes, J., Ntambwe, L. I., Pasterfield, D., Rycroft-Malone, J. & Williams, N., 1 Maw 2016, Yn: Health Technology Assessment. 20, 16

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  34. Cyhoeddwyd

    Interventions for the management of oral ulcers in Behçet's disease

    Taylor, J., Glenny, A-M., Walsh, T., Brocklehurst, P., Riley, P., Gorodkin, R. & Pemberton, M. N., 25 Medi 2014, Yn: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2011. 9, t. CD011018

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  35. Cyhoeddwyd

    Investigating complexity in systematic reviews of interventions by using a spectrum of methods

    Anderson, L. M., Oliver, S. R., Michie, S., Rehfuess, E., Noyes, J. & Shemilt, I., Tach 2013, Yn: Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 66, 11, t. 1223-9 7 t.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  36. Cyhoeddwyd

    Investigating the Functional Utility of the Left Parietal ERP Old/New Effect: Brain Activity Predicts Within but Not Between Participant Variance in Episodic Recollection.

    MacLeod, C. & Donaldson, D., 5 Rhag 2017, Yn: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 11, 580.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  37. Cyhoeddwyd

    Is increased time to diagnosis and treatment in symptomatic cancer associated with poorer outcomes? Systematic review

    Neal, R. D., Tharmanathan, P., France, B., Din, N. U., Cotton, S., Fallon-Ferguson, J., Hamilton, W., Hendry, A., Hendry, M., Lewis, R., Macleod, U., Mitchell, E. D., Pickett, M., Rai, T., Shaw, K., Stuart, N., Tørring, M. L., Wilkinson, C., Williams, B., Williams, N. & Emery, J., 31 Maw 2015, Yn: British Journal of Cancer. 112 , Suppl 1, t. S92-107

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  38. Cyhoeddwyd

    Lack of inhibition in Parkinson's disease: Evidence from decreased negative priming in a lexical decision task

    Mari-Beffa, P., Hayes, A., Machado, L., Sheppard, D., Rafal, R. & Hindle, J., Ebr 2002, Yn: Journal of Cognitive Neurosience. t. 97-97 1 t.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  39. Cyhoeddwyd

    Language changes in bilingual individuals with Alzheimer’s disease

    Stilwell, B. L., Dow, R. M., Lamers, C. & Woods, R. T., Maw 2016, Yn: International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders. 51, 2, t. 113-127

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  40. Cyhoeddwyd

    Learning from the Brazilian community health worker model in North Wales

    Johnson, C. D., Noyes, J., Haines, A., Thomas, K., Stockport, C., Ribas, A. N. & Harris, M., 11 Meh 2013, Yn: Globalization and health. 9, t. 25

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  41. Cyhoeddwyd

    Lessons learnt from a discontinued randomised controlled trial: Adalimumab injection compared with placebo for patients receiving physiotherapy treatment for sciatica (Subcutaneous Injection of Adalimumab Trial compared with Control: SCIATiC)

    Williams, N., Jenkins, A., Goulden, N., Hoare, Z., Hughes, D., Wood, E., Foster, N. E., Walsh, D. A., Carnes, D., Sparkes, V., Hay, E. M., Isaacs, J., Konstantinou, K., Morrissey, D., Karppinen, J., Genevay, S. & Wilkinson, C., 31 Gorff 2018, Yn: Trials. 19, 408.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  42. Heb ei Gyhoeddi

    Lifestyle matters: promoting health and mental wellbeing in people aged 65 years and over

    Mountain, G., Windle, G. & Sprange, K., 2015, (Heb ei Gyhoeddi) Yn: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. 77, t. 68

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  43. Cyhoeddwyd

    Links between serotonin reuptake inhibition during pregnancy and neurodevelopmental delay/spectrum disorders: A systematic review of epidemiological and physiological evidence

    Healy, D., Le Noury, J. & Mangin, D., 17 Medi 2016, Yn: International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine. 28, 3

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  44. Cyhoeddwyd

    Maintenance cognitive stimulation therapy for dementia: single-blind, multicentre, pragmatic randomised controlled trial

    Orrell, M., Aguirre, E., Spector, A., Hoare, Z., Woods, R. T., Streater, A., Donovan, H., Hoe, J., Knapp, M., Whitaker, C. & Russell, I., 1 Meh 2014, Yn: British Journal of Psychiatry. 204, 6, t. 454-461

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  45. Cyhoeddwyd

    Management of colorectal cancers

    Lewis, R., Flynn, A., Dean, M. E., Melville, A., Eastwood, A. & Booth, A., 2004, Yn: Quality and Safety in Health Care. 13, 5, t. 400-404

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  46. Cyhoeddwyd

    Managers' use of nursing workforce planning and deployment technologies: protocol for a realist synthesis of implementation and impact.

    Burton, C., Rycroft-Malone, J., Williams, L., Davies, S., Hall, B., McBride, A., Rowlands, A-M. & Jones, A., 26 Awst 2016, Yn: BMJ Open. 6, 8, 24 t.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  47. Cyhoeddwyd

    Managing diabetes in people with dementia: protocol for a realist review

    Bunn, F., Goodman, C., Rycroft-Malone, J., Jones, P. R., Burton, C., Rait, G., Trivedi, D., Bayer, A. & Sinclair, A., 7 Ion 2016, Yn: Systematic Reviews. 5, 5

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  48. Cyhoeddwyd

    Mapping ALSFRS-R and ALSUI to EQ-5D in patients with motor neurone disease

    Moore, A., Young, C. A. & Hughes, D., Tach 2018, Yn: Value in Health. 21, 11, t. 1322-1329

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  49. Cyhoeddwyd

    Matching and accepting assistive technology in multiple sclerosis: A focus group study with people with multiple sclerosis, carers and occupational therapists

    Squires, L. A., Williams, N. & Morrison, V. L., Maw 2019, Yn: Journal of Health Psychology. 24, 4, t. 480-494 15 t.

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  50. Cyhoeddwyd

    Measuring illness and exercise beliefs in osteoarthritis of the hip or knee: psychometric properties of the ‘Hip and Knee Beliefs Questionnaire’ and the ‘Exercise Attitude Questionnaire’

    Williams, N. H., Amoakwa, E., Belcher, J., Burton, K., Hendry, M., Lewis, R., Hood, K., Bennett, P., Neal, R. D. & Wilkinson, C. E., 1 Ebr 2012, Yn: International Musculoskeletal Medicine. 34, 1, t. 13-20

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid

  51. Cyhoeddwyd

    Measuring the health-related quality of life of children with impaired mobility: examining correlation and agreement between children and parent proxies

    Bray, N., Noyes, J., Harris, N. & Edwards, R. T., 10 Awst 2017, Yn: BMC Research Notes. 10, 1, t. 377

    Allbwn ymchwil: Cyfraniad at gyfnodolynErthygladolygiad gan gymheiriaid