Professor Gareth Williams
Professor / Director of Impact and Engagement

Affiliations
Links
- https://www.bangor.ac.uk/oceansciences/staff/gareth-williams
Department Home Page - https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=EfvZsI8AAAAJ&hl=en
Google Scholar Page
Contact info
Room: 303 Craig Mair Phone: +44(0)1248 382588
E-mail: g.j.williams@bangor.ac.uk Twitter
I graduated in Marine Biology (University of Liverpool) in 2004 and completed an MSc in Marine Environmental Protection (Bangor University) in 2006. I began a PhD in Marine Biology (Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand) in 2007 in coral disease ecology, combining macroecology, experimental ecology, and histopathology to identify disease baselines and drivers of disease prevalence on Pacific coral reefs. A focus study site of mine was Palmyra Atoll, an uninhabited atoll in the Northern Line Islands. After obtaining my PhD in 2011, I was awarded a post-doctoral scholarship at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego (UCSD) where I continued to work on the macroecology of Pacific coral reefs. This role at Scripps transitioned into an Assistant Project Scientist position within the Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation in 2013. I left Scripps in late 2015 to return to the UK and take up my full-time role within the School of Ocean Sciences at Bangor University.
I am a marine ecologist specialising in coral reef ecology. My work focuses on the interaction of organisms with their environment, often taking a macroecological approach. I am particularly interested in how human activities and natural biophysical gradients interact to drive community patterns across multiple trophic levels (microbes to sharks) and scales (individual reefs to entire ocean basins). Much of my work incorporates remote coral reefs free from direct human impact, providing key replication at the unimpacted end of an intact-to-degraded ecosystem spectrum. By surveying across extensive geographical areas we address broad questions pertaining to: 1. the human, climatic and oceanographic drivers of coral reef ecosystem structure and function, 2. climate change impacts to coral reef ecosystems, 3. the spatial ecology of coral reefs, and 4. disease dynamics on coral reefs.
Research Areas
- Published
Local-scale projections of coral reef futures and implications of the Paris Agreement
van Hooidonk, R., Maynard, J. A., Tamelander, J., Gove, J. M., Ahmadia, G. N., Raymundo, L., Williams, G., Heron, S. F. & Planes, S., Dec 2016, In: Scientific Reports. 6, 39666.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Foraging consistency of coral reef fishes across environmental gradients in the central Pacific
Zgliczynski , B. J., Williams, G., Hamilton, S., Cordner, E., Fox, M., Eynaud, Y., Michene, R., Kaufman, L. & Sandin, S. A., Oct 2019, In: Oecologia. 191, 2, p. 433-445Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Coral reef ecosystem services in the Anthropocene
Woodhead, A. J., Hicks, C. C., Norstrom, A. V., Williams, G. J. & Graham, N. A. J., Jun 2019, In: Functional Ecology. 33, 6, p. 1023-1034Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
-
Benthic communities at two remote Pacific coral reefs: effects of reef habitat, depth, and wave energy gradients on spatial patterns
Williams, G. J., Smith, J. E., Conklin, E. J., Gove, J. M., Sala, E. & Sandin, S. A., 28 May 2013, In: PeerJ. 1, e81.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
-
Modeling patterns of coral bleaching at a remote Central Pacific atoll
Williams, G. J., Knapp, I. S., Maragos, J. E. & Davy, S. K., Sept 2010, In: Marine Pollution Bulletin. 60, 9, p. 1467-1476Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
-
Spatial and temporal patterns of scleractinian coral, soft coral, and zoanthid disease on a remote, near-pristine coral reef (Palmyra Atoll, central Pacific)
Williams, G. J., Knapp, I. S., Aeby, G. S. & Davy, S. K., 6 Apr 2011, In: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 94, 2, p. 89-100Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Ocean warming and acidification have complex interactive effects on the dynamics of a marine fungal disease
Williams, G. J., Price, N. N., Ushijima, B., Aeby, G. S., Callahan, S., Davy, S. K., Gove, J. M., Johnson, M. D., Knapp, I. S., Shore-Maggio, A., Smith, J. E., Videau, P. & Work, T. M., 7 Mar 2014, In: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 281, 1778Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Coral reef ecology in the Anthropocene
Williams, G. J., Graham, N. A. J., Jouffray, J.-B., Norstrom, A. V., Nystrom, M., Gove, J. M., Heenan, A. & Wedding, L. M., Jun 2019, In: Functional Ecology. 33, 6, p. 1014-1022Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
-
Outbreak of Acropora white syndrome following a mild bleaching event at Palmyra Atoll, Northern Line Islands, Central Pacific
Williams, G., Knapp, I. S., Work, T. M. & Conklin, E. J., Sept 2011, In: Coral Reefs. 30, 3, p. 621-621Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
First record of coralline fungal disease (CFD) in the Indian Ocean
Williams, G., Roche, R. & Turner, J., 4 Jun 2018, In: Coral Reefs. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-018-1704-z , 1 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
-
Gross and microscopic morphology of lesions in Cnidaria from Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific
Williams, G. J., Work, T. M., Aeby, G. S., Knapp, I. S. & Davy, S. K., Feb 2011, In: Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 106, 2, p. 165-173Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Biophysical drivers of coral trophic depth zonation
Williams, G., Sandin, S. A., Zgliczynski , B. J., Fox, M., Gove, J. M., Rogers, J. S., Furby, K., Hartmann, A., Caldwell, Z. R., Price, N. & Smith, J. E., Apr 2018, In: Marine Biology. 165, 60.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Quantitative characterisation of reef fish diversity among nearshore habitats in a northeastern New Zealand marine reserve.
Williams, G. J., Cameron, M. J., Turner, J. R. & Ford, R. B., 1 Mar 2008, In: New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 42, 1, p. 33-46Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
-
Coral disease at Palmyra Atoll, a remote reef system in the Central Pacific
Williams, G., Aeby, G. S. & Davy, S. K., Mar 2008, In: Coral Reefs. 27, 1, p. 207-207Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Local human impacts decouple natural biophysical relationships on Pacific coral reefs
Williams, G. J., Gove, J. M., Eynaud, Y., Zgliczynski, B. J. & Sandin, S. A., 28 Feb 2015, In: Ecography. 38, 8, p. 751-761Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Rethinking coral reef functional futures
Williams, G. J. & Graham, N. A. J., 7 Jun 2019, In: Functional Ecology. 33, 6, p. 942-947Research output: Contribution to journal › Editorial › peer-review
-
Predictive Modeling of Coral Disease Distribution within a Reef System
Williams, G. J., Aeby, G. S., Cowie, R. O. M. & Davy, S. K., 17 Feb 2010, In: PLoS ONE. 5, 2, e9264.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Contrasting recovery following removal of growth anomalies in the corals Acropora and Montipora
Williams, G. J., 11 Oct 2013, In: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 106, 2, p. 181-185Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
-
Proximate environmental drivers of coral communities at Palmyra Atoll: Establishing baselines prior to removing a WWII military causeway
Williams, G. J., Knapp, I. S., Maragos, J. E. & Davy, S. K., Aug 2011, In: Marine Pollution Bulletin. 62, 8, p. 1842-1851Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Advancing the integration of spatial data to map human and natural drivers on coral reefs
Wedding, L., Lecky, J., Gove, J., Walecka, H., Donovan, M., Williams, G., Jouffray, J.-B., Crowder, L., Erickson, A., Falinski, K., Friedlander, A., Kappel, C., Kittinger, J., McCoy, K., Norstrom, A., Nystrom, M., Oleson, K., Stamoulis, K., White, C. & Selkoe, K., 1 Mar 2018, In: PLoS ONE. :e0189792.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Regional reef fish assemblage maps provide baseline biogeography for tropicalization monitoring
Walker, B., Becker, D., Williams, G. J., Kilfoyle, A., Smith, S. & Kozachuk, A., 3 Apr 2024, In: Scientific Reports. 14, 1, p. 7893 7893.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Precision and cost-effectiveness of bioindicators to estimate nutrient regimes on coral reefs
Vaughan, E. J., Wynn, P. M., Wilson, S. K., Williams, G. J., Barker, P. A. & Graham, N. A. J., Sept 2021, In: Marine Pollution Bulletin. 170, 112606.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Nitrogen enrichment in macroalgae following mass coral mortality
Vaughan, E., Wilson, S., Howlett, S., Parravicini, V., Williams, G. J. & Graham, N. A. J., 12 Apr 2021, In: Coral Reefs.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Metagenomic covariation along densely sampled environmental gradients in the Red Sea
Thompson, L. R., Williams, G., Haroon, M. F., Shibl, A., Larsen, P., Shorenstein, J., Knight, R. & Stingl, U., Jan 2017, In: ISME Journal. 11, p. 138-151Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Red Sea SAR11 and Prochlorococcus Single-cell Genomes Reflect Globally Distributed Pangenomes
Thompson, L. R., Haroon, M. F., Shibl, A. A., Cahill, M. J., Ngugi, D. K., Williams, G. J., Morton, J. T., Knight, R., Goodwin, K. D. & Stingl, U., Jul 2019, In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 85, 13, e00369-19.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Disease dynamics of Porites bleaching with tissue loss: prevalence, virulence, transmission, and environmental drivers
Sudek, M., Williams, G. J., Runyon, C., Aeby, G. S. & Davy, S. K., 10 Feb 2015, In: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 113, 1, p. 59-68Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Influence of upwelling on coral reef benthic communities: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Spring, D. & Williams, G. J., 29 Mar 2023, In: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 290, 1995, p. 20230023 1 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Co-occurrence of herbivorous fish functional groups correlates with enhanced coral reef benthic state
Sheppard, C., Williams, G. J., Exton, D. & Keith, S., Mar 2023, In: Global Ecology and Biogeography. 32, 3, p. 435-449 15 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Variation in farming damselfish behaviour creates a competitive landscape of risk on coral reefs
Sheppard, C., Bostrom-Einarsson, L., Williams, G. J., Exton, D. & Keith, S., 29 May 2024, In: Biology Letters. 20, 5Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Modelling the linkage between coral assemblage structure and pattern of environmental forcing
Sandin, S. A., Eynaud, Y., Williams, G. J., Edwards, C. & McNamara, D., 14 Oct 2020, In: Royal Society Open Science. 7, 10, 200565.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
High frequency temperature variability reduces the risk of coral bleaching
Safaie, A., Silbiger, N. J., McClanahan, T. R., Pawlak, G., Barshis, D. J., Hench, J. L., Rogers, J. S., Williams, G. & Davis, K. A., 2018, In: Nature Communications. 9, 1671.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Linking variation in planktonic primary production to coral reef fish growth and condition
Roche, R., Heenan, A., Taylor, B. M., Schwarz, J. N., Fox, M. D., Southworth, L., Williams, G. & Turner, J., 31 Aug 2022, In: Royal Society Open Science. 9, 8, p. 201012 201012.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Towards Developing a Mechanistic Understanding of Coral Reef Resilience to Thermal Stress Across Multiple Scales
Roche, R., Williams, G. & Turner, J., Mar 2018, In: Current Climate Change Reports. 4, 1, p. 51-64 D 87.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Local human impacts disrupt depth-dependent zonation of tropical reef fish communities
Richardson, L., Heenan, A., Delargy, A., Neubauer, P., Lecky, J., Gove, J. M., Green, M., Kindinger, T., Ingeman, K. & Williams, G. J., Nov 2023, In: Nature Ecology and Evolution. 7, 11, p. 1844-1855 12 p.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
-
Environmental Factors Affecting Large-Bodied Coral Reef Fish Assemblages in the Mariana Archipelago
Richards, B. L., Williams, I. D., Vetter, O. J. & Williams, G. J., 27 Feb 2012, In: PLoS ONE. 7, 2, e31374.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
A robust operational model for predicting where tropical cyclone waves damage coral reefs
Puotinen, M., Maynard, J. A., Beeden, R., Radford, B. & Williams, G., May 2017, In: Scientific Reports. 6, 26009.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Guiding coral reef futures in the Anthropocene
Norstrom, A. V., Nystrom, M., Jouffray, J.-B., Folke, C., Graham, N. A. J., Moberg, F., Olsson, P. & Williams, G., 1 Nov 2016, In: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Possible control of acute outbreaks of a marine fungal pathogen by nominally herbivorous tropical reef fish
Neal, B., Honisch, B., Warrender, T., Williams, G. J., Work, T. & Price, N., 12 Jul 2020, In: Oecologia. 193, 3, p. 603-617Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Positive and Negative Effects of a Threatened Parrotfish on Reef Ecosystems
McCauley, D. J., Young, H. S., Guevara, R., Williams, G. J., Power, E. A., Dunbar, R. B., Bird, D. W., Durham, W. H. & Micheli, F., 26 Jul 2014, In: Conservation Biology. 28, 5, p. 1312-1321Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Assessing relative resilience potential of coral reefs to inform management
Maynard, J. A., McKagan, S., Raymundo, L., Johnson, S., Ahmadia, G. N., Johnston, L., Houk, P., Williams, G., Kendall, M., Heron, S. F., van Hooidonk, R., Mcleod, E., Tracey, D. & Planes, S., 1 Dec 2015, In: Biological Conservation. 192, December, p. 109-119Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Projections of climate conditions that increase coral disease susceptibility and pathogen abundance and virulence
Maynard, J., van Hooidonk, R., Eakin, C. M., Puotinen, M., Garren, M., Williams, G. J., Heron, S. F., Lamb, J., Weil, E., Willis, B. & Hervell, C. D., 4 May 2015, In: Nature Climate Change. 5, p. 688-694Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Improving marine disease surveillance through sea temperature monitoring, outlooks and projections
Maynard, J., van Hooidonk, R., Harvell, C. D., Eakin, C. M., Liu, G., Willis, B. L., Williams, G., Groner, M. L., Dobson, A., Heron, S. F., Glenn, R., Reardon, K. & Shields, J. D., 5 Mar 2016, In: Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 371, 1689Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Accepted/In press
Quantifying spatial gradients in coral reef benthic communities using multivariate dispersion
Lawrence, A., Heenan, A. & Williams, G. J., 23 Jan 2025, (Accepted/In press) In: Royal Society Open Science.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Artificial shorelines lack natural structural complexity across scales
Lawrence, P., D'Urban Jackson, T., Jenkins, S., Williams, G. J. & Davies, A., 26 May 2021, In: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 288, 1951, p. 20210329 rspb.2021.0329.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Influence of local environmental variables on the viral consortia associated with the coral Montipora capitata from Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii, USA
Lawrence, S. A., Wilkinson, S. P., Davy, J. E., Arlidge, W. N., Williams, G. J., Wilson, W. H., Aeby, G. S. & Davy, S. K., 24 Mar 2015, In: Aquatic Microbial Ecology. 74, p. 251-262Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Spatial and temporal scales of coral reef fish ecological research and management: a systematic map protocol
Lawrence, A., Heenan, A., Levine, A., Haddaway, N., Powell, F., Wedding, L., Roche, R., Lawrence, P., Szostek, C., Ford, H., Southworth, L., Sannassy Pilly, J., Richardson, L. & Williams, G. J., 25 Jan 2021, In: Environmental Evidence. 10, 3.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Environmental and ecological controls of coral community metabolism on Palmyra Atoll
Koweek, D., Dunbar , R. B., Rogers, J. S., Williams, G., Price, N., Mucciarone, D. & Teneva , L., Mar 2015, In: Coral Reefs. 34, 1, p. 339-351Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
-
Restriction of sponges to an atoll lagoon as a result of reduced environmental quality
Knapp, I. S. S., Williams, G. J., Luis Carballo, J., Antonio Cruz-Barraza, J., Gardner, J. P. A. & Bell, J. J., 15 Jan 2013, In: Marine Pollution Bulletin. 66, 1-2, p. 209-220Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Temporal dynamics and persistence of sponge assemblages in a Central Pacific atoll lagoon
Knapp, I. S. S., Williams, G. & Bell, J. J., Oct 2016, In: Marine Ecology. 37, 5, p. 1147-1153Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
- Published
Cryptic species obscure introduction pathway of the blue Caribbean sponge (Haliclona (Soestella) caerulea), (order: Haplosclerida) to Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific
Knapp, I. S., Forsman, Z. H., Williams, G. J., Toonen, R. J. & Bell, J. J., 6 Aug 2015, In: PeerJ. 3Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review